像差變異最小化設計方法於共軛變化成像光學系統之研究

Study of Design Method of Minimizing Aberration Variation in Conjugate Change Imaging Optical System

林貞宏(Chen-Hung Lin)

指導教授 ： 林晃巖

國立臺灣大學/電機資訊學院/光電工程學研究所/博士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2014.01056

摘要

本論文所呈現之內容為最小化共軛改變光學系統像差變化的研究結果。本研究繼承過去近百年共軛變化光學系統之研究成果並蒐集研讀豐富的研究歷程相關文獻，並整理於第一章簡介(Introduction)中。研究此以主題的過程中發現瞳上球面像差在達到像差變異最小化目標是具有重要的意義。相關研究內容也在第一章中做整理與探討。
本文第二章為理論部分，從過去最初T. Smith、H. H. Hopkins 與C. G. Wynne的研究中皆以Seidel 像差之型式表示。本文中基於物理概念輔以數學方法將三者理論融合併推導出一明確的理論。然而在擴大其適用性於各種光學設計軟體，於本章中亦將Seidel像差之形式轉化為波動光學像差表示形式同時將控制瞳上球面像差方法轉換以像散與畸變像差控制以便於設計者使用。
於本文第三章中分別以兩大類光學系統做實例驗證，其一為有限共軛成像系統，以內視鏡鏡頭為例；其二為無限共軛系統，已變焦鏡頭為例。
兩類光學系統接在實例設計驗證中成功的驗證理論的正確性，同時驗證了以像散與畸變像差控制同上球面像差方法唯一可執行之設計方法，併此結果整理於結論中。未來展望部分則接續於結論之後。

關鍵字

瞳上球面像差 ； 共軛變化 ； 成像系統

並列摘要

The dissertation is a study result of minimizing aberration variation in conjugate change optical system. This study inherits the research results of conjugate change system in this hundred years and the footprints of these topics are collected in the introduction. To achieve the target of minimize the aberration variation in conjugate change system, the pupil spherical aberration plays a key role in this method. The studies about pupil spherical aberration relative to the conjugate change system are also collected and described in the introduction.
The theory is presented in the section followed the introduction. From the study result of T. Smith, H. H. Hopkins and C. G. Waynne, the theory is derived in Seidel aberration form. And I refer the results of three papers to derive an explicit result by mathematical method. For broadening the application of this theory, a wave aberration form is also derived. A result shown in wave aberration form is also wrote in the second section. The theory is transferred to a practical method as astigmatism and distortion controlled pupil spherical aberration minimization (ADC-PSAM) method in this section.
Two categories of the optical system are designed for verifying the theory in the third and fourth sections. The finite conjugate optical systems are the examples of endoscope design and the infinity conjugate optical system design is a zoom lens design example.
Two kinds of optical system are successfully to prove the ADC-PSAM is a practical method and the conclusion is in the fifth section of this dissertation and the future work is followed in sixth section.

並列關鍵字

pupil spherical aberration ； conjugate change ； imaging system

參考文獻

1. T. Smith, The changes in aberrations when the object and stop are moved, Trans. Opt. Soc. 23,No.5, pp. 139-153 (1921).

2. H. H. Hopkins, Herschel's condition, Proc. Phys. Soc., 58, No.1, pp. 100-105, (1946).

4. C. G. Wynne, Primary aberrations and conjugate change, Proc. Phys., Soc. B 65, No. 6, pp. 429-437 (1952).

5. W.S.S. Blaschke, A procedure for the differential correction of optical systems Allowing Large Parameter Changes, Optica Acta: International Journal of Optics, 3, issue 1, pp. 10-23 (1956)

6. Ellis I. Betensky, Utilization of moving lens elements for compensation of aberrations resulting from major conjugate changes, Proc. SPIE 0039, pp. 231-237 (1974).