厭氧生物固定化程序處理都市污水

Immobilized Anaerobic Microbial Cell for Treatment of Domestic Wastewater

謝仁捷(Jen-Chieh Hsieh)

指導教授 ： 林正芳

國立臺灣大學/工學院/環境工程學研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2014.01058

摘要

固定混合生物細胞(EMMC)程序，具有操作簡易、不需迴流污泥、可大幅降低污泥處置成本等優點，其中最重要的特點之一為有效提高污泥停留時間(SRT)，將EMMC應用於厭氧系統能有效提高SRT期望可提升厭氧系統處理都市污之效率。本研究將厭氧污泥包埋製成污泥平板，以單槽式CSTR操作，SRT依不同操作參數，介於78-177天之間。
研究主要探討厭氧生物固定化程序對都市污水的處理成效，以人工合成污水測試不同操作因子對厭氧系統的影響，不同進流COD濃度 (700、400、200 mg/L)與水力停留時間 (12、6、4小時)，探討pH值、COD去除率及甲烷產量等效能作評估，最後操作實際都市污水並探討在此實驗反應系統下的處理效果。
進流COD濃度為 700與400 mg/L，COD去除率佳，達90%以上，在進流COD 700 mg/L操作下HRT自12小時縮短為6小時後甲烷產氣量提升了約2.5倍，甲烷濃度為60%。但在進流COD 200 mg/L的操作情形，COD去除約80%，產氣量下降且甲烷濃度僅剩40%。因此低濃度進流會對厭氧系統造成抑制，使COD處理效率及氣體產率下降。
厭氧系統處理實際污水HRT操作為6小時，COD去除率達80%，平均CODe 50 mg/L；產氣效率低，GPR (Gas production rate)僅0.038 m3/m3/d、平均甲烷濃度23.2%，COD去除效率及甲烷產率都低於合成污水測試之結果。
整體而言，厭氧生物固定化程序異於傳統厭氧系統，提高SRT具有相當的潛力可處理都市污水以減少一般都市污水廠整體用電量與提高產能之效。但仍需進一步研究應用之限制條件及提高甲烷氣之轉換效率。

關鍵字

污泥平板 ； 厭氧處理系統 ； 都市污水 ； CSTR ； 甲烷氣

並列摘要

Entrapped mixed microbial cell (EMMC) process demonstrated the good mechanical strength and durability. It was found to have small land requirement, stable operating characteristics and no need for sludge recycle. In addition, it can dramatically increase the SRT in the reactor that may help the anaerobic system to have better performance on the treatment of domestic wastewater.
The research was discussed the performance of using Immobilized anaerobic system to treat synthetic and real wastewater. The operation parameters of synthetic wastewater trial were influent COD concentration (700, 400, 200 mg/L) and HRT (12, 6, 4 hours). Then, Test the real domestic wastewater and discuss the results.
In the synthetic wastewater trial, the influent COD 400, 700 mg/L had better COD removal efficiency (about 90%) and the methane gas concentration (above 60%). However, at influent COD concentration below 200 mg/L may decrease the COD removal efficiency and methane concentration. The COD removal efficiency was 80% and methane concentration was 40%. Form the results, low concentration of influent COD as 200 mg/L may show the worse COD removal efficiency and methane conversion of anaerobic system.
In the real domestic wastewater trial, HRT was operated at 6 hours. The COD removal efficiency was 80% (average) and methane gas concentration 23.2% (average) with low gas production rate 0.038 m3/m3/d. Domestic wastewater may cause some inhibition to the anaerobic treatment system.
In conclusion, immobilized anaerobic microbial cell process has the potential to treat the organic matters in the domestic wastewater. However, it still needs further researches to clarify what cause the inhibition and how to enhance the utility of organic matters to convert into the methane gas.

並列關鍵字

Modified flat-plate EMMC ； Anaerobic treatment ； Domestic wastewater ； CSTR ； Biogas production

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