- 學位論文
都市污水處理廠質量平衡分析與BMP評估
Mass Balance and BMP Test on Sludge in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants
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摘要
本研究係以設有厭氧消化系統之污水處理廠進行污泥質量平衡，嘗試建立適當之評估方法，污泥質量平衡所需考慮之因素相當多，如:流量大小、濃度高低、樣品均質性等，本研究並選定一案例廠進行細部之質量平衡分析及建立質量平衡之SOP。 進行案例廠之質量平衡前，須先了解其詳細之設備配置及採樣點之設計後，進行採樣方法之建立，根據案例廠實驗結果發現可以在排除90秒之管內污泥後，可以獲得一較穩定之污泥樣品，降低質量平衡因為濃度不均而造成之誤差。經採樣方式建立後，案例廠消化單元之質量平衡差距由11.9噸/日減少至1.6噸/日，濃縮單元約有56.5噸/日之污泥皆會迴流至系統中，僅有9.1噸/日之污泥會進入厭氧消化單元。 另外，BMP試驗中基質與接種物比(S/X)為影響厭氧消化系統之重要參數，故本研究也對案例廠之厭氧消化進行生化甲烷產勢(BMP)試驗，發現在S/X為5時，可以有最高之揮發性有機物(VS)之去除效率(38%)以及有最大之甲烷產氣量(17 mL CH4/g VSSUB)，故建議案例廠將基質濃度提高，以利其厭氧消化系統之運作。
並列摘要
This study attemptted to create an appropriate assessment method by performing sludge mass balancing at a sewage treatment plant (STP) equipped with an anaerobic digestion system. To achieve sludge mass balance, it is necessary to consider many factors, such as flow capacity, concentration, sample homogeneity etc. For this study, a subject STP was selected for detailed mass balance analysis and consequent creation of a SOP for mass balance. Prior to mass balancing at the subject STP, it was necessary to understand its detailed equipment layout and design of sampling points and then establish a corresponding sampling method. Experimental results showed a more sable sludge sample could be obtained after in-pipe sludge withdraw had continued for 90 seconds and could thereby reduce mass balancing errors caused by concentration inconsistency. Following the establishment of a sampling method, the differential from mass balance at the digestion unit of the STP dropped from 11.9 ton/day to 1.6 ton/day and about 56.5 ton/day of sludge at the condensation unit would all flow back to the system with only 9.1 ton/day of sludge actually entering the anaerobic digestion section. Moreover, substrate/inoculum ratio (S/X) is also a key parameter in an anaerobic digestion system. Hence, a biochemical methane potential (BMP) test was conducted on the anaerobic digestion process in the subject STP and it was found when the S/X was 5, it was possible to achieve the maximum removal rate of volatile organic substances (VSs) (38%) and the maximum methane gas production (17 mL CH4/g VSSUB). It is therefore recommended that the subject STP can increase substrate concentration for better operations in its anaerobic digestion system.
參考文獻
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