社會支配傾向對同性戀排斥之影響－性別、年齡與去人性化的中介調節分析

以往研究多從人口變項來探討對同性戀態度的差異，並將同性戀視為同質群體，且聚焦於態度測量而較少探討具體歧視行為。本研究以分組活動的組員選擇，探討個人的社會支配傾向與對不同背景同性戀排斥之間的關係，並區分直接排斥與間接排斥。本研究共招募到201位異性戀參與者，當刪除同婚議題討論的活動後，雖然直接排斥同性戀與異性戀沒有差異，但普遍對同性戀的間接排斥較強。同時，結果顯示社會支配傾向與對年長男同、年長女同、年輕男同的直接與間接排斥呈正相關，與對年輕女同的排斥則無相關。後續分析發現對同性戀態度可以中介社會支配傾向對同性戀排斥的預測效果，去人性化則無法。中介調節分析顯示同性戀對象的性別會影響中介效果，同性戀對象年齡的影響則未達顯著。本研究顯示社會支配傾向能夠預測對同性戀的排斥，並會受到同性戀對象的年齡與性別影響，且根據對象的不同，不同社會支配傾向者對同性戀排斥的歷程也會不同。本研究從不同層面了解對同性戀的歧視，期許能為相關研究提出新的方向。

關鍵字

社會支配傾向；同性戀次群體；對同性戀態度；去人性化；直接排斥；間接排斥

並列摘要

Previous studies have mainly focused on the relationship between participants’ demographic information and attitudes toward homosexuals, in which treat the homosexuals as a homogeneity group and less focus on the concrete exclusive behavior on homosexuals. Using the group member selection paradigm, the current study investigated the relationship between social dominance orientation (SDO) and exclusion of different homosexual subgroups, and distinguish the direct and indirect exclusions. 201 heterosexual participants were recruited. After deleting discussion of same-sex marriage scenario, there were no difference between direct exclusion of homosexuals and heterosexuals, but indirect exclusion of homosexuals were stronger. The results showed that SDO was positive correlated with direct and indirect exclusion of old gay, old lesbian and young gay; however, there was no correlation between SDO and exclusion of young lesbian. Attitude toward homosexuals mediated the relationship between SDO and exclusion when the target were gay men; on the other hand, dehumanization mediated the relationship when the target were old homosexuals except direct exclusion of old lesbian. The findings showed that the SDO can predict exclusion of homosexuals, and the mediators of the relationship between SDO and exclusion of homosexuals were influenced by the homosexuals’ gender and age. Implications and limitations are discussed.