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  • 學位論文

自由貿易協定原住民合作專章對臺灣原住民族產業發展策略之研究—以藜麥為例

The Cooperation of Indigenous Issues of Free Trade Agreement and Development Strategies of Indigenous Industries in Taiwan–The Case of Quinoa

指導教授 : 徐世勳
共同指導教授 : 林國榮(Kuo-Jung Lin)

摘要


在臺灣9項已生效FTA中,2013年7月10日與紐西蘭簽署的「紐西蘭與臺澎金馬個別關稅領域經濟合作協定」(ANZTEC),為我國首個與非邦交之已開發國家簽署之FTA,深具代表意義。此外,東協十國ASEAN+N模式持續發酵、CPTPP與RCEP也陸續生效,面臨國際間自由貿易協定逐漸蓬勃發展的情形下,若不破除其貿易歧視與排擠困境,對臺灣未來的國際市場拓展以及產業發展影響甚鉅。本研究從經濟及族群層面出發,探討臺灣積極簽署自由貿易協定以來,對原住民族產業發展之影響,作為未來政府洽簽FTA及原住民合作專章之參考依據。 為達研究目的,本研究運用文獻回顧瞭解臺灣、紐西蘭及東協十國原住民族自由貿易相關領域研究成果,並利用雙邊顯示性比較利益指數、貿易互補度指數等比較分析工具,取得藜麥產業的貿易自由化分析數據,結果顯示,臺灣藜麥產業對紐西蘭出口競爭力顯著弱勢。最後再透過深度訪談方式,本研究採訪進出口貿易商及國內生產銷售商,以瞭解其緣由以及我國與其他藜麥出口國之差異與相關經驗。總體而言,從藜麥的個案發現,臺灣簽署ANZTEC 後對於原住民族產業發展正、負面影響均有但不大,卻對東協十國有極強出口競爭力。故臺灣未來在推動原住民族產業進入國際市場時,除了要去細思如何妥善運用諮商同意權在文化傳承與經濟發展當中取得平衡之外,同時也要強化與簽署FTA國家之進出口貿易商交流,來逐步發展具有貿易競爭力的原住民族產業。

並列摘要


Among the nine free trade agreements (FTA)s that were signed by the Republic of China, R.O.C.(Taiwan), the "Agreement between New Zealand and the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu on Economic Cooperation " (ANZTEC) signed with New Zealand on July 10, 2013 is the first one with the developed country and thus can serve as a benchmark for future negotitaions. In addition, the ASEAN+N model of the ASEAN 10 countries continued to ferment with CPTPP and RCEP coming into effect. Facing the continuous development of FTAs, if R.O.C.(Taiwan) cannot break down its trade discrimination consequences and crowding out difficulties, there will be great impacts on future international market expansion and industrial development. Based on the economic and ethnic perspectives, this study aims to explore the impact of R.O.C.(Taiwan)'s active signing of FTAs on the indigenous quinoa industry as a reference for future negotiations on the indigenous cooperation chapter. To conduct the analysis, this study uses literature review to understand the results of the free trade related researh on the indigenous people in R.O.C.(Taiwan), New Zealand and the ASEAN. Bilateral Revealed Comparative Advantage Index and Trade Complementarity Index are calculated on quinoa export and the results show that Taiwan’s quinoa industry has a significant weak export competitiveness to New Zealand as its detination market. The interviews with domestic production and trading companies are also conducted to understand the reasons and related experiences. In general, signing the ANZTEC have insignificant impacts on the indigenous industry, but it has potential to increase the relative competitiveness of exports to the 10 ASEAN countries. Therefore, when the government tries to promote the indigenous industry in the international market, in addition to the proper usage of the right of consultation and consent of ANZTEC to balance the cultural heritage and economic development issues, it must also strengthen the trading capacities of the indigenous products through signing agreements with the traders at the same time.

參考文獻


一、 中文部分:
徐遵慈,2013。「臺紐經濟合作協議之政策意涵與後續戰略」,《戰略安全研析》。 102期,47-54。
經濟部投資業務處(編),2018。《紐西蘭投資環境簡介》。臺北:經濟部。
林江義,2014。『103年度地方政府原住民族行政人員赴紐西蘭考察報告』。臺北:原住民族委員會。
龔明鑫,2018。『出席亞太經濟合(APEC)第六屆礦業部長會議報告』。臺北,經濟部。

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