戶外景觀空間組成對封閉度之影響

Effects of the Outdoor Landscape Components on Enclosure

陳映均(Ying-Chun Chen)

指導教授 ： 林晏州

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/園藝學研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2012.01223

摘要

本研究旨在釐清綠地空間中各空間因子在視線可移動性向度及行動可移動性向度上影響程度之差異，進而比較兩向度與空間封閉度之關係。自頂面、垂直面和地平面三項空間性質要素中，選取空間因子包含天空比例、立面比例、畫面穿透比例、臨路徑植栽阻擋物比例、臨路徑人工設施比例、地面比例和路徑比例等因子，針對視線上和行動上可移動性之影響進行探討，再進而比較視線和行動可移動性對空間封閉度之影響。本研究透過實地拍攝景觀照片，選取109張台北地區之戶外綠地照片作為刺激物，透過繪圖軟體進行各空間因子之選取與面積比例之測量，其中9張作為基準照片，其餘100張照片分成三組後，進行視線上可移動性、行動上可移動性與空間封閉程度之問卷調查，評估方式為受測者觀看照片後，針對三項評估問項分別以1~10分之等距尺度進行評分，共獲得167份有效問卷。研究結果顯示各空間因子中除臨路人工設施比例無顯著影響外，其餘因子對視線可移動性與行動可移動性各具不同之線性關係。另外，可透過空間因子建立視線和行動可移動性之預測迴歸模型，並在視線和行動可移動性兩向度對空間封閉度之相關性可發現顯著正向相關，亦可發現視線可移動性對空間封閉度之影響(r=0.909)較行動可移動性高(r=0.825)。透過空間中各因子之組成和空間認知關係性之探討，可驗證實質空間因子對於感知視線和行動可移動性之關係，以建立可實際應用之預測模型，並以視線和行動可移動性對空間封閉度之相關性以驗證過去相關理論之推論結果，進而以空間在視線上、行動上與封閉度之空間認知概念，提出綠地環境於規劃設計上相關之建議，作為未來景觀空間研究之參考。

關鍵字

空間因子 ； 視線可移動性 ； 行動可移動性 ； 封閉度

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to investigate the effects among different space components, ease of visual movement, and ease of mobile movement for outdoor landscapes. Furthermore, this study explores the relationships among ease of visual movement, ease of mobile movement, and enclosures. The ratios of sky, facades, penetration, planted roadside obstacles, artificial roadside facilities, grounds, and paths were space components selected from the base plane elements, the over-head elements, and the vertical elements. In this study, landscape photographs were taken in outdoor locations in Taipei, and 109 photos were selected as stimuli. The ratios of the space components of stimuli were measured and analyzed by drawing software. Among the stimuli, 9 photos were selected for baseline, and 100 photos were selected for formal investigation. These 100 photos were randomly separated into three groups in order to investigate ease of visual movement, ease of mobile movement, and enclosure evaluation. The three elements of evaluation were presented in 10-point-scale questionnaires, with 167 valid questionnaires collected. The results showed different linear relationships among space components, ease of visual movement, and ease of mobile movement, except for the ratio of artificial roadside facilities. This study established ease of visual movement and ease of mobile movement prediction regression models through space components. In addition, there were significant positive correlations between ease of visual movement and enclosures (r=0.909), and between ease of mobile movement and enclosures (r=0.825). Furthermore, the results showed that ease of visual movement has more effect on enclosure than ease of mobile movement. This study proved that the relationship between physical space factors and the perceptions of visual and mobile elements can be examined; and the correlation among ease of visual movement, ease of mobile movement and enclosures can be examined. The results can contribute to future studies of enclosure and landscape planning.

並列關鍵字

space components ； ease of visual movement ； ease of mobile movement ； enclosure

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