熱壓爐成形製程模具排列模組最佳化之研究

A Study on Optimization of Molds Arrangement Module for the Autoclave Forming Process

詹旻翰(Min-Han Zhan)

指導教授 ： 陳復國

國立臺灣大學/工學院/機械工程學研究所/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201803437

摘要

先進複合材料因其優異的機械性質與質量輕等特性，已經逐漸取代傳統金屬材料而被大量使用在飛機主要結構中，而於航太工業中，熱壓爐成形製程則是先進複合材料常見的成形技術之一，其中在考慮高成本的因素下，以多組模具進爐成化為相當有效之方法，然而，許多學者透過流體力學計算與實驗的方式來建立經驗公式或是熱壓爐模擬模型以針對複合材料的溫升性進行預測，試圖改善多組模具進爐加熱所產生複合材料受熱不均的問題時，發現複合材料的溫升性主要受到模具自身的造型設計與受模具遮罩的影響，使在取得該兩項影響因子的準確性與效率更為重要。
為達到準確性與提升效率的目標，本論文藉由流體力學模擬分析，對模具於熱壓爐製程中的熱傳機制進行分析，歸納出與模具溫升性相關之熱傳參數，並建立有效量化模具自身的造型設計與受模具遮罩兩項影響因子大小的預測公式。最後熱傳參數的研究結果應用於經驗公式與熱壓爐的全模型中，以達到減少模擬耗時之目的，並針對經驗公式與全模型對各個模具溫升所需時間的預測結果進行驗證，其平均誤差均在5%以內，顯示本論文對模具於熱壓爐製程之熱傳參數研究已具備實務應用之價值。

關鍵字

熱壓爐製程 ； 計算流體力學 ； 複合材料熱壓成形模具 ； 有限元素法

並列摘要

With excellent mechanical properties and light weight, advanced composite materials have gradually replaced the traditional material, such as metallic material, and to be used in the aircraft structure. In the aerospace industry, autoclave processing is one of most common advanced composite materials processing techniques, and considering the high cost problem, it is an effective way when simultaneously curing diverse composite parts. However, many scholars have established an empirical equation or finite element model of autoclave processing by computational fluid dynamics and experiment to predict the heat-up of composites in order to improve an non-uniformly heating problem when diverse composites are cured in same processing, and found the main factors influencing heat-up is the geometric characteristics of the mold and shadowed by other molds, so it is more important to obtain the accuracy and efficiency of the two impact factors.
In order to achieve the goal of accuracy and efficiency improvement, this thesis will analyze the heat transfer mechanism of the mold in the autoclave processing by fluid dynamics simulation analysis, and summarize the heat transfer parameters related to the heat-up of the mold, and establishes the prediction formula which can effectively quantify the effect on geometric characteristics of the mold and shadowed by other molds. Finally, the research of the heat transfer parameters are applied to the empirical formula and the full model of the autoclave processing to reduce the time consumption of the simulation, and the temperature rising time of molds obtained from the empirical formula and the full model differs from that measured from the actual autoclave forming process only within a range of 5%, which shows that the research on the heat transfer parameters of the mold in autoclave processing has practical application value.

並列關鍵字

autoclave processing ； CFD ； the tooling of the autoclave forming of composite materials ； finite element analysis

參考文獻

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[5]P. F. Monaghan, M. T. Brogan, and P. H. Oosthuizen, “Heat Transfer in an Autoclave for Processing Thermoplastic Composite”, Flow Processes in Composite Materials, vol. 2, pp.233-242, 1991.