農民團體進口玉米對肉豬產業的重要性分析

The Importance of Farmer Association’s Maize Import on Taiwan’s Hog Industry

張文誠(Wen-Cheng Chang)

指導教授 ： 陳郁蕙

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/農業經濟學研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2011.01520

摘要

台灣飼料穀物自給率低，多數需求必須仰賴國外進口才能供應國內畜產業需求。目前國內養豬產業飼料成分中，玉米所占比例超過60％，大豬料之玉米使用比重甚至高達75％，故玉米市場情況影響國內畜產業發展。在2002年開始，國內農民團體開始參與玉米進口業務，推行至今已超過十一年，本文主要目的在於介紹國內養豬業者目前對於玉米購買及玉米進口情況；瞭解農民對於參加共同採購的意願及農民對農民團體辦理進口玉米業務之認知。本研究以中華民國養豬合作社聯合社所屬各合作社（場）員為對象，分析農民對現行玉米共採業務之看法。
本研究結果發現，雖然多數的農民是肯定共採業務，但仍有34.13％的合作社（場）未開辦共同採購業務，另有高達60％的農民未參與共同採購業務，顯見，在玉米共採上有改善空間。另外，中、小規模的合作社（場）對於共同採購業務認知的重要性高於平均值的，在31-40歲年齡層之農民，對於共同採購重要性認知最高，30歲以下次之，而這些人都是未來合作社（場）爭取加入共同採購的生力軍。本研究亦顯示受訪者最近一年是曾經參加合作社各項會議或教育訓練對於共同採購業務重要性認知程度高於未參加之受訪者，顯示在加入共同採購進口玉米運作之前，均要利用辦理教育訓練方式給與正當觀念。

關鍵字

玉米共同採購 ； 合作社 ； 基差 ； 期貨價格

並列摘要

The self-sufficient rate of Feed crops in very low in Taiwan. Most of the feeding crops are imported to match the demand for livestocks in Taiwan. More than 60 percents of the feed is coming from corn. Especially for the big pig, feed contains more than 75 percents of corn. Therefore, the corn market affects the development of livestock industry significantly. Since 2002, farmers unions started importing corn. Today, 11 years later, we can discuss its effectiveness. The purposes of this study are to showcase the current situation of corn purchasing and importing from pig farmers, to understand farmers’ willingness to participate in join-purchase, and to find out farmers’ perception toward the corn import. This study analyzes the members of R.O.C Federation of Swine Cooperatives. The results of this study show that, although most members agree that join-purchase is good to themselves, more than 34.13 percents of cooperatives do not have join-purchase program. Furthermore, there are more than 60 percents of farmers do not participate in join-purchase. Hence, there should have some room for further improvement. The results show that members in mid-scale and small cooperatives have relatively higher awareness of the importance of join-purchase compared to all members, and that members with the ages between 31 to 40 have the highest awareness and members with the ages under 30 have the second highest awareness. These members are going to be the majority of cooperatives in the future. The results of this study also show that members who participate in meetings or training in the cooperatives within 1 year have relatively higher awareness compared to others who don’t. Therefore, it is important to deliver the knowledge of join-purchase through training before we put them into actions.

並列關鍵字

join-purchase of corn ； cooperatives ； basis ； future price

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