雞隻及其飼養環境來源沙門氏菌抗藥特性調查

Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella from Chicken and Its Raising Environment

莊子昇(Tzu-Sheng Chuang)

指導教授 ： 周崇熙

國立臺灣大學/獸醫專業學院/獸醫學研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2013.01531

摘要

沙門氏菌是重要的人畜共通傳染疾病，在飼養環境中很難被清除，其原因是由於許多無症狀的帶原動物藉由糞便間歇性排菌。又因廣泛使用抗菌劑，造成沙門氏菌的抗藥性增加，目前已出現有抗藥性細菌在人畜之間傳播。細菌抗藥性的產生可能是由於染色體的突變，抑或是抗藥性質體或者轉位子的存在加速抗藥性基因散佈。近幾年來又有新的抗藥性基因移動模式被提出，此模式為integron。本研究於2011-2012年間，蒐集雞隻及其環境來源沙門氏菌共22株，探討菌株是否含有第一型integron及其相關抗藥特性。調查結果發現，一日齡雛雞沙門氏菌均無偵測出integron，而大於一日齡雞隻及環境樣本則能檢出integron，檢出率分別為50 %（3/6）與75 %（6/8）。抗藥性基因方面，具有integron的菌株至少能檢測出三種抗藥性基因，而無integron菌株僅一株能檢測出三種抗藥性基因。一日齡雛雞及大於一日齡雞隻以TEM（57 %, 8/14）檢出率最高；環境樣本以dfrA1（63 %, 5/8）及PSE（63 %, 5/8）檢出率最高。在菌株抗藥性方面，具有Integron菌株至少對五種抗菌劑有抗藥性，一日齡雛雞及大於一日齡雞隻以Ampicillin（86 %, 12/14）抗藥性最高；環境樣本則以Ampicillin、Oxytetracycline及Tetracycline抗藥性最高，佔88 %（7/8）。本研究以統計方式分析出一日齡雛雞的沙門氏菌其多重抗藥性，低於來自飼養環境的沙門氏菌（P<0.05）。可能原因是由於家禽飼養的過程中廣泛使用抗菌劑，使環境中的沙門氏菌抗藥性愈趨嚴重。另外，具integron菌株呈現多重抗藥性的比例遠高於不具integron菌株，顯示integron與多重抗藥性有密切關係。

關鍵字

抗藥性 ； 雞隻 ； 沙門氏菌 ； 整合子

並列摘要

Salmonella is an important zoonotic pathogen that is difficult to control in food animal environment. However abuses of several drugs for the treatment of Salmonella infection had resulted in increment of antimicrobial resistance. Recently, there has been emergence of antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic diseases. In pathogenic bacteria, their drug resistance may be procurement by mutation or the transfer of plasmid or transposon. In recent year, many studies have demonstrated mobile DNA elements with a specific structure which obtains or exchanges the antibiotic resistance genes these elements that have been termed integrons.Samples for this study were collected from 2011 to 2012 from chicken and environment in Chicken farms and about 22 bacterial strains were isolated. Further studies on understanding the process of antimicrobial resistance and class 1 integron. The results have shown that no class 1 integron was detected in day old chicks. Chickens and environment samples can be detected integron, the detection rate was 50 % (3/6) and 75 % (6/8). The resistance genes: Integron-positive isolates was capable of detecting at least three types of resistance genes, integron-negative isolates only one was able to detect three types of resistance genes. Day-old chicks and chickens were the highest detection rate of TEM (57 %, 8/14). The highest detection rate of environment sample was dfrA1 (63 %, 5/8) and PSE (63 %, 5/8). About antimicrobial resistance, Integron-positive isolates have at least five antimicrobial resistance. Day-old chicks and chickens were the highest detection rate of Ampicillin (86%, 12/14). Ampicillin、oxytetracycline and tetracycline of environment sample get 88 % (7/8) of resistance. The result of statistical analysis is day-old chicks of resistance Salmonella lower than other raising environments (P<0.05). Due to the poultry process, the widespread use of antibacterial agents, increasingly resistant Salmonella. Furthermore, The integron-postive strains showed multi-resistance is much higher than the proportion of integron-negative strains. Which shows integron and multi-resistance have close relatationship

並列關鍵字

antimicrobial resistance ； chicken ； salmonella ； integron

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