低功率高頻寬之差動式二元相位偏移調變無線收發器

隨著可攜式醫療器材的問世，無線傳輸在醫療應用的重要性大幅上升，如何提升無線收發機的能量效率，是近年來的無線傳輸發展目標。在傳統以混波器為基礎的收發機架構中，頻率合成器與混波器皆消耗大量能量，使得在生醫應用的發展上受到限制。此外，近年來以相位選擇器為基礎的高效能相位偏移調變無線發射器已陸續被提出，最高資料傳輸率可達數10 Mbps左右。然而，相位偏移調變無線接收器受限於解調架構，尚未達到與發射器相稱的傳輸效率。本論文提出一個具高能量效率，操作在四億赫茲，採用差動式二元相位偏移調變(D-BPSK)的無線收發器。發射器部分使用邊緣合成器降低載波產生器的操作頻率，可大幅減少功率消耗，並使用相位選擇器達到高資料傳輸率。接收器的核心技術為利用注入式鎖定振盪器的動態特性，達到相位對振幅之轉換，並藉此偵測相對相位變化即可完成解調。此架構不需要閉迴路系統來完成相位同步，可大幅簡化系統架構，進而降低成本及功率耗。此收發機使用台積電0.18微米製程設計，發射器功率消耗為0.732毫瓦，最大資料傳輸率為10 Mbps，此時誤差向量幅度為11 %，能量效率為73.2 pJ/bit；接收器功率消耗為1.66 毫瓦，靈敏度為-70.2 dBm，當接收10 Mbps的訊號時，能量效率為166 pJ/bit。

關鍵字

差動式二元相位偏移調變；相位選擇器；邊緣合成器；注入式鎖定；無線收發器

並列摘要

Wireless communication is more and more important with the development of wearable devices, and the energy efficiency is critical under stringent power budget. Conventional mixer-based architecture suffers from power hungry mixers and frequency synthesizer and has many constraints for bio-medical applications. Phase-selector-based PSK transmitter has been widely proposed to increase energy efficiency and the maximal data rate is up to several tens of Mbps. However, limited by the demodulating architecture, a highly efficient PSK receiver has not yet been published. In this work, an energy-efficient 400-MHz D-BPSK transceiver is proposed. The edge-combining technique is applied to lower the operating frequency of frequency generator in transmitter, and therefore power consumption decreases. The phase-selector-based technique is also used for transmitter to achieve high data rate. The D-BPSK receiver adopts injection-locking technique to perform dynamic phase-to-amplitude conversion, which detects the relative phase transition and the data is therefore demodulated by envelope detector. In this receiver, the phase-tracking loop is not required, which diminishes power consumption and cost. The transceiver is fabricated in TSMC 0.18-μm CMOS technology. The power consumption of transmitter is 0.732 μW, and the EVM is 11%, energy efficiency is 73.2 pJ/bit at maximal data rate 10 Mbps. The receiver consumes 1.66 mW with 0.9-V supply. The sensitivity of receiver is -70.2 dBm, and the energy efficiency is 166 pJ/bit at 10-Mbps data rate.

並列關鍵字

D-BPSK ； phase selector ； edge combiner ； injection locking ； wireless transceiver

參考文獻

[1] Y.-H. Liu, C.-L. Li, and T.-H. Lin, “A 200-pJ/b MUX-Based RF Transmitter for Implantable Multichannel Neural Recording,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 57, no. 10, pp. 2533-2541, Oct. 2009.

[2] M. Chae, W. Liu, Z. Yang, T. Chen, J. Kim, M. Sivaprakasen, and M. Yuce, “A 128-channel 6mW Wireless Neural Recording IC with On-the-fly Spike Sorting and UWB Transmitter,” in IEEE Int. Solid-State Circuits Conf. Dig. Tech. Papers, pp. 146-147, Feb. 2008.

[3] J. N. Y. Aziz, R. Genov, M. Derchansky, B. Bardakjian, and P. Carlen, “256-Channel Neural Recording Microsystem with On-chip 3D Electrodes,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 995-1005, Mar. 2009.

[4] S. Diao, Y. Zheng, Y. Gao, S.-J. Cheng, X. Yuan, M. Je, and C.-H. Heng, “A 50-Mb/s CMOS QPSK/O-QPSK Transmitter Employing Injection Locking for Direct Modulation,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 60, no.1, pp. 120-130, Jan. 2012.

[5] M. M. Izad and C.-H. Heng, “A 17pJ/bit 915MHz 8PSK/O-QPSK Transmitter for High Data Rate Biomedical Applications,” in Proc. IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conf., pp. 1-4, Sept. 2012.

國際替代計量

低功率高頻寬之差動式二元相位偏移調變無線收發器

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