國產材精油之生心理效益研究－以臺灣肖楠及臺灣杉為例

Psychophysiological Effects of Domestic Woods－from the Olfactory Perspective

翁煒杰(Wei-Chieh Weng)

指導教授 ： 余家斌

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/森林環境暨資源學研究所/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201901542

摘要

為了解精油氣味對於人體之影響，並且提升國產材之利用價值，本研究探討臺灣肖楠材部精油及臺灣杉材部精油之氣味，是否具有生心理上之健康效益，並且進一步了解，若受試者接受「森林氣味具有療癒功效」之心理暗示之後，是否能因預期心理而顯著促進生心理上之反應。
本實驗招募81名受試者（平均年紀28.6±9.35歲，女性46名），依聞嗅之精油不同精油分成肖楠組及臺灣杉組；再依有無暗示心理的植入分成暗示組與非暗示組，為二因子變異數分析混合實驗設計（Two-way ANOVA mixed design）。
兩種精油濃度皆為10μL精油於12L之普通空氣中自然揮發一小時，並且使用空氣泵浦以每分鐘4L之流速將氣味釋放至受試者口鼻部前15公分左右，施放2分鐘，對照組為同樣以空氣泵浦輸送之一般空氣。預期心理的建立方式為閱讀兩頁簡介「森林氣味之療癒效果」的短文，控制組則沒有閱讀短文。測量的生理指標包含心律、血壓、心率變異度及唾液澱粉酶活性；在認知指標則以SART評估專注力；心理指標則採用盤斯情緒量表（POMS）及語意差異量表（SD）。
研究結果顯示，與空氣（控制組）相比，臺灣杉及肖楠精油氣味皆可以顯著降低心律，在主觀感受上，臺灣杉可以顯著降低困惑、憂鬱、活力及疲勞情緒；臺灣肖楠可以顯著降低困惑、憂鬱、疲勞及緊張情緒。心理暗示在生理指標上並沒有顯著的加成效果，但在心理指標上，對臺灣杉精油氣味有較為顯著的影響。

關鍵字

國產材 ； 臺灣杉精油 ； 臺灣肖楠精油 ； 預期心理 ； 心率變異度 ； 唾液澱粉酶 ； 注意力恢復理論

並列摘要

This study aims to understand the psycophysiological benefits of the essential oils of two domestic woods: Taiwania cryptomerioides and Calocedrus formosana. And to further discuss if the implantation of the idea ”Forest scents are proven to have therapeutic effect on human health” can significantly enhance the health benefit from smelling the essential oils.
81 subjusts were recruited and divieded into two groups by the essential oil scent they received. Then further assigned each groups into two sub-groups by whether or not the expectation of the therapeutic effect were implanted. It’s a two-way ANOVA mixed design.
The concentration of the essential oil were 10μl essential oil difussing into 12 L normal air for at least 1 hour. The scent would be pumped up and released 15 cm in front of the faces of subjects in the constant flow of 4L air per minute for 2 minutes. The control group followed the same procedure yet with ordinary air. The expectation of therapeutic effect was implanted by reading a 2-page text, whereas the control group did not received any reading material.
The physiological measurment includes heart rate, blood pressure, heart rate variability and the salivary α amylase; Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART) were performed as cognitive ability indicator; psychological measurment includes Profile of Mood States(POMS) and Semantic Differential Scale(SD).
The results show, compare to ordinary air, both essential oils can significantly reduce the heart rate. In terms of subjective mood evaluation, exposure to the scent of Taiwania cryptomerioides essential oil significantly reduces the score of confussion, depression, vigor and fatigue; while exposure to the scent of Calocedrus formosana essential oil reduces confussion, depression, fatigue and tention. The expectation of the health benefits has little effect on all of the physiological measurements, however on the psychological aspect, expectation does have some interesting and significant effects on the scent of Taiwania cryptomerioides essential oil.

並列關鍵字

Domestic woods ； Taiwania cryptomerioides Essential Oil ； Calocedrus formosana Essential Oil ； Expectation Effect ； Heart rate variability ； Salivary α Amylase ； attention restoration theory

參考文獻

一、中文文獻：

古惠菁、張惠婷、張上鎮 (2007)。臺灣肖楠精油對紙張防黴性之影響。中華林學季刊，40(1)，113-121。

余家斌、袁孝維、蔡明哲、邱祈榮 (2015)。森林遊憩與健康。中華林學季刊，48(2)，173-184。

吳瑟鏗、黃金城、李俊彥 (2005)。臺灣紅檜精油嗅聞後對人體生理與感官之影響。林業研究季刊，27(1)，37-42。

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