新海人工溼地水生植物碳吸存量及效益與環境解說效益之評估

Benefit Evaluation of Environmental Interpretation and Aquatic Plants Carbon Fixation in Sinhai Artificial Wetlands

黃大肯(Tah-Ken Huang)

指導教授 ： 張文亮

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/生物環境系統工程學研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2011.01740

摘要

本研究以新海二期人工溼地為實驗場址，透過現地分層隨機抽樣與植生影像辨識估算水生植物分布面積與單位面積生長數量，並以高溫灰化法求得植生中有機質含量，並估算水生植物碳吸存量。

研究結果發現，新海二期溼地五種優勢水生植物碳儲存量為：蘆葦(Phragmites australis) 501.7 gC m-2 yr-1、長苞香蒲(Typha angustata) 135.6 gC m-2 yr-1、蕹菜(Ipomoea aquatica ) 82.3 gC m-2 yr-1、巴拉草(Brachiaria mutica) 26.8 gC m-2 yr-1、臺灣水龍(Ludwigia x taiwanensis Peng) 17.5 gC m-2 yr-1，水生植物碳吸存量與植生葉面積指數、植生葉片面積成正相關。新海二期溼地優勢水生植物碳吸存量為211.0 gC m-2 yr-1。透過植生影像辨識求得新海二期人工溼地植生面積為35,652 gC m-2 yr-1，推估新海二期溼地水生植物碳儲存量為7.5 ton yr-1。
本研究以新海二期人工溼地為研究場址，探討人工溼地的生態效益。本研究透過市價法與旅行成本法評估人工溼地碳吸存效益、遊憩效益與環境解說效益，並探討環境解說對於遊憩需求的影響。

研究結果發現，人工溼地水生植物碳吸存效益為8,929元/年。對現地參訪遊客進行問卷調查，在假設時間成本為工資率的1/5~1/2下，新海二期人工溼地的遊憩效益為每位遊客741.9元/兩年∼687.0元/兩年。而在經過環境解說後，以旅行成本法評估新海二期人工溼地遊憩效益為每位遊客1890.3元/年∼2471.8元/年。人工溼地環境解說可增加遊客的重遊意願。

關鍵字

碳吸存量 ； 人工溼地 ； 水生植物 ； 植生影像辨釋 ； 分層隨機抽樣法 ； 生態效益 ； 遊憩效益 ； 環境解說 ； 旅行成本法

並列摘要

The objective of this research is to estimate carbon fixation of five dominate aquatic plants in Sinhai second phase artificial wetland in New Taipei City.Concering the analysis method, we used image based event identification and on site stratified random sampling to calculate area and density of aquatic plants in artificial wetland, and used high temperature combustion method to estimate organic matter content in aquatic plants.
The results showed that carbon fixation of five dominate aquatic plants in Sinhai second phase artificial wetland is : Phragmites communis 501.7 gC m-2 yr-1 , Typha angustata 135.6 gC m-2 yr-1 , Ipomoea reptans 82.3 gC m-2 yr-1, Brachiaria mutica 26.8 gC m-2 yr-1, Colocasia esculenta 22.2 gC m-2 yr-1 , Ludwigia x taiwanensis Peng 17.5 gC m-2 yr-1. Also, we found that aquatic plants carbon fixation are positive relative with leaf area index(LAI) and leaf area.Totally, carbon fixation of five dominate aquatic plants in Sinhai second phase artificial wetland is 211.0 gC m-2 yr-1. By means of image based event identification,We obtained the area of aquatic plants in Sinhai second phase artificial wetland is 35,652 m2, and that we can estimate the carbon fixation of aquatic plants in Sinhai second phase artificial wetland is 7.5 ton yr-1.

The objective of this research is to estimate ecological benefit in Sinhai second phase artificial wetland in New Taipei City. We use substitute market method to estimate benefit of aquatic plant carbon fixation. We also use travel cost method to estimate recreation economic value. Also, We analyze the influence of environment interpretation to recreation demand.
We found that the benefit of aquatic plant carbon fixation is 8,928 NTD/ yr. According to results of questionnaire survey, we found that environmental interpretation can increase the visitor’s revisit intention. There fore, by using wage rate 1/2 – 1/5 to estimate time cost, we can obtained the recreation benefit is per visitor 687.0 - 741.9 NTD/2 yr before environmental interpretation, and per visitor 1890.3 – 2471.8 NTD/yr after environmental interpretation.

並列關鍵字

carbon fixation ； artificial wetland ； aquatic plants ； image based event identification ； stratified random sampling ； ecological benefit ； recreation benefit ； environment interpretation ； travel cost method

參考文獻

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