礦場地景生態復舊與規劃 ─以亞泥花蓮製造廠及亞泥新城山礦場為例

Ecological Reclamation and Planning of Mining Landscape: Case Study of Asia Cement Hualien Plant and Mt. Xincheng Quarry

傅以文(I-Wen Fu)

指導教授 ： 蔡厚男

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/園藝暨景觀學系/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2013.10752

摘要

台灣礦藏資源的開採歷史自日據時代迄今已有百年，礦業不但是工業化發展初期的基礎，而且也是台灣從農業過渡到工業社會過程中最具代表性的產業之一。即使後來伴隨台灣產業經濟的轉型、社會環保意識的提升，許多早期或因部分不符合經濟效益而廢棄的礦場，或考量到環境保護而關閉或開採完畢的礦場，均因未落實完善復舊規劃，依然潛藏著各種的災害危機，極可能持續導致土地剝蝕退化、景觀破壞或環境汙染等問題。
由Berger(2002)提出的礦場復舊(reclamation)定義為重新建立採礦後土地利用的秩序，促進新地景以及生態的秩序之重新建立。然而一個礦場存廢的影響範圍廣泛，在進行復舊與後續土地規劃之前，應將基地議題定義清楚，再進一步擬定可能的解決與發展對策。除此之外，將地景藝術介入礦場復舊與規劃中，取材於當地鄉土植物、工業地景中廢棄的廠房與機房，則能透過藝術手法改變其特徵，與自然連結，進一步達到生態復舊的目的。
本研究選定亞洲水泥花蓮製造廠及其新城山採礦場景觀作為研究案例，首先分析評估其採礦活動對礦場及其周邊環境造成的環境衝擊影響，借鏡國內外礦場生態復舊及地景復舊規劃設計策略，以及相關復舊、復舊技法，針對該礦場的特性以及周邊地景環境資源條件的差異，基於永續地景生態的復舊和維護，參考礦區地景復舊與生態復舊方法，研提整體地景生態復舊、復舊規劃設計方案及經營管理的建議，作為未來花蓮新城礦區地景資源保育的永續經營方針參考。

關鍵字

礦場景觀 ； 生態復舊 ； 地景復舊 ； 復舊規劃設計

並列摘要

The history of mineral exploitation in Taiwan has begun from the Japanese occupation era so far, more than a hundred years. The mining industry is not only the foundation of the early stage of industrialization, but also one of the most representative industry during the transition process turning from an agricultural to industrial society in Taiwan. Even though accompanied by the transformation of Taiwan's industrial economy and social environmental awareness, many primary abandoned quarries or partial uneconomic abandoned quarries, either in order to consider environmental protection shutting down or depleted quarries, failing to implement a comprehensive restoration planning, still lurks various disasters and crises. These are likely to continue resulting in the degradation of land erosion, landscape destruction or environmental pollution problems.
This paper selected Asia Cement Hualien Company with Mt. Xincheng as case study. First, analyzing and assessing the environmental impact of quarry and surrounding environment caused by extraction activities. Learning from domestic and international quarries ecological restoration, landscape reclamation planning and design strategies, as well as related restoration, rehabilitation techniques, reference to the identity of quarry and differences of surrounding landscape resources conditions. Depending on the restoration and maintenance of sustainable landscape ecology, also referring to landscape reclamation, ecological restoration and creativities of landscape art, the overall landscape ecological restoration and reclamation planning design strategy, as well as operating management recommendations are proposed to the future sustainable management principles and reference of landscape resources conservation of Hualien Xincheng quarry area.

並列關鍵字

Land Degradation ； Mining Landscape ； Ecological Restoration ； Landscape Reclamation ； Landscape Art

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