國道履約爭議之探討

An Analysis of Contract Fulfillment Dispute of National Expressway

駱怡明(Yi-Ming Luoh)

指導教授 ： 曾惠斌

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2006.00928

摘要

摘要
國道建設通常具有工期長、契約價金高、用地取得困難以及施工技術複雜等特性，因此，契約雙方於工程履約階段產生爭議在所難免，為能預防爭議之產生，由已發生爭議案件之探討並歸納其影響因子，對於爭議之減少應有其助益。本研究係蒐集民國82年至民國93年間之國道建設發生工程履約爭議之仲裁案例101件並針對公共工程爭議相關文獻進行探討，且經專家訪談歸納整理出工程履約爭議影響因子，再進行兩階段態度量表問巻調查及統計檢定考驗，以驗證工程履約爭議實務案例及文獻所得出之國道建設發生工程履約爭議之影響因子項目，經探討後，彙整出其影響因子項目，共分為7項，其內容為：（1）天然災害與用地遲延交付（2）契約認知差異（3）政府政策改變（4）民意要求與機關權限（5）規劃設計或施工不完善（6）承包商過失或違約（7）不可預見事由等項目。在101件仲裁案例中其平均仲裁判斷金額約為承商請求給付金額之34％，而爭議類型中以工期展延損失求償爭議案件為多數，工期展延損失求償爭議之影響因子主要為天然災害與用地遲延交付、政府政策改變、民意要求與機關權限、規劃設計或施工不完善，是工程主辦機關應列為管理之重點，另工期展延損失求償爭議是否判斷給付，主要取決於有無情事變更事實或展延工期事由是否可歸責於業主。

關鍵字

國道建設 ； 履約爭議

並列摘要

ABSTRACT
National expressway construction is characterized by long terms of construction, high contract fees, difficulty obtaining the land. Therefore, there are controversies during the construction. This study explores 101 arbitration cases on National Expressway Construction between 1993 and 2004 and discusses factors involved in cases and existing literature on public construction with the hope to reduce further controversies. Factors involved in arbitration cases are generalized through interviews with experts and two-stage questionnaires on attitudinal scale and statistical tests are conducted in order to confirm whether such factors are in consistent with those induced from real cases and previous studies. The generalized factors can be divided into seven categories: (1) natural disaster and delay in obtaining land; (2) dispute over the contract; (3) national policy change; (4) public opinions and jurisdiction of the government; (5) ill-planning or poor construction; (6) contractors’ faults or defaults; and (7) unforeseen reasons. Among the 101 arbitration cases, average arbitration fee is approximately 34% of the amount the contractors’ request. Asking for compensation due to longer terms of construction is the most controversial type, whose factors mainly include natural disaster and delay in obtaining land, national policy change, public opinions, and jurisdiction of the government, ill-planning and poor construction. These are major areas the authorities concerned should take into consideration. In addition, whether or not longer terms of construction can ask for compensation mainly lies in the fact that there are obvious facts and that longer terms can be attributed to the employer.

並列關鍵字

national expressway construction ； contract fulfillment dispute

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