喜樹樹葉乾燥機用進出料裝置之研製

Development of a Loading and Unloading Device for Drying of Happy Tree Leaves

王昱翔(Yu-Hsiang Wang)

指導教授 ： 葉仲基

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/生物產業機電工程學研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2010.10412

摘要

喜樹樹葉後處理過程中，目前需利用人力執行進出料之工作。本研究建立一套配合乾燥機械使用之進出料裝置，以期達到節省人力且符合作業安全之要求。在設計上，本研究參考市售各類固態物料輸送方式，並選擇氣力輸送做為本研究之主要設計。以進料裝置配合壓送式氣力輸送進行進料動作；利用所設計之分離裝置及吸送式氣力輸送進行出料動作；輔以三軸平台達成排料口及吸入口位置之控制。
設計上，首先進行初步實驗決定輸送風速。設計時可利用氣力輸送之相關理論公式，分析管路壓力損失、空氣於管路彎曲之壓力損失及物料加速之壓力損失，依此決定風機功率。
本研究製作兩種進料裝置:螺旋進料裝置及旋轉進料裝置。螺旋進料裝置輸送樹葉及草料時，易有架橋現象，因此使用旋轉進料裝置較佳。本研究使用之塑膠管因內部紋路，管路壓損大於理論公式估計，空氣於管路彎曲之壓力損失可由理論公式計算，損失係數K值約為0.15。進料之風速應大於15.9 m/s。出料系統利用所設計之分離裝置，可成功分離物料。在風機後加裝旋風分離機將降低吸入口吸力，但無論加裝與否，本裝置皆可吸起樹葉，進行出料動作。吸力由分離裝置至吸入口以線性遞減。

關鍵字

喜樹 ； 氣力輸送 ； 進出料裝置

並列摘要

The main purpose of this experiment was to develop a loading and unloading device for drying leaves. A lot of manpower is needed to do the work after harvest using the traditional method. The device can not only reduce the work done by hand, but also increase the safety of the process. There are several methods used to convey agricultural materials. The selection of conveying method depends on the type of materials being conveyed and on the nature of applications. Pneumatic conveyors were chosen to be the main power of the loading and unloading device. The loading and unloading device was divided into three parts: feeder and positive pressure pneumatic conveyor, negative pressure system and separator, and three-axis platform with software control.
At first, we did a preliminary experiment to determine the air velocity used in this pneumatic conveying system. And then, we used some equations to determine the total pressure drop. Finally, we chose an appropriate air blower.
In the study, we designed two kinds of feeder: screw-conveying feeder and rotary feeder. We found that the screw-conveying feeder often led to a bridge phenomenon. Therefore, rotary feeder was better for leaves and forage transport.
In this study, the line pressure drop due to air was slightly larger than the value estimated by equations. It may have been caused by the rough pipeline. Pressure drop in bends were estimated, and the loss factor K is about 0.15. The air velocity in the positive pressure pneumatic conveyor should be greater than 15.9 m/s. The separator can separate the leaves from the air effectively. Adding a cyclone will decrease the suction ability, however in spite of the installation of the cyclone, the unloading device can provide enough suction to unload the leaves. The suction decreased linearly from the separator to the entrance of the pipeline.

並列關鍵字

happy trees ； pneumatic conveying ； loading and unloading device

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