應用於光電元件之高性能電致變色材料及導電材料之合成、製備及性質探討

本論文分成四個章節，第一章為總體序論。第二章為高對比度雙極式電致變色元件之製備，此元件以TPPA及TPB為變色中心的聚醯胺及紫精衍生物分別為陽極和陰極變色材料，讓陽極及陰極變色材料作為互相之電荷儲存基層，達到穩定及降低工作電壓的效果，並藉由三種材料在UV-Vis吸收光譜上的互補，使可見光區吸收完全，達到全波段遮蔽之效果。第三章是以簡易及方便的方式製備透明可拉伸電極進行電致變色元件的應用。第四章節為結論。此研究探討應用於光電元件中之電致變色材料的搭配及導電材料的製程改進，所製備出的雙極式電致變色元件在透明態時具有高度的透明性，而在著色態時展現紫外光-可見光-近紅外光區全光譜吸收的優異結果，並在長時間使用下仍具有良好的穩定性。此外，以簡易方法轉印奈米銀線至聚二甲基矽氧烷基材所製備出的可拉伸複材電極，同時具備高透明性及高導電度，且在拉伸、扭轉及彎曲情形下仍具有導電性，而我們由此可拉伸複材電極進一步製備出彈性電致變色元件，在透明態及著色態的切換也展現出良好的穩定性。

關鍵字

三苯胺；電致變色；可見光全光譜吸收；奈米銀線；可拉伸電極

並列摘要

This study has been separated into four chapters. Chapter 1 is the general introduction. Chapter 2 includes the synthesis of electrochromic materials (ECMs) and fabrication of high contrast electrochromic devices (ECDs). Chapter 3 describes the preparation of stretchable electrodes based on silver nanowires (AgNWs) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) hybrid for elastomeric ECDs. Chapter 4 is conclusions. The fabrication, basic characterization, electrochromic properties of a novel ECD was investigated and improved. The ECD combined three different kinds of ECMs, TPPA-PA, TPB-PA and HV. By introducing HV as an efficient charge trapping layer, the working voltage could be greatly reduced and the performance of overall system was also enhanced. The ECD of Blending-A system exhibits ultra-high contrast from bleaching state with transmittance in visible region up to 85% to coloring state with transmittance only 6% both in visible and NIR regions. High ΔL* (88.2) and ΔT (79.0% at visible light region) could be achieved by the colorless ECD. Thus, it could claim to be a truly “transmissive-to-black” ECD, implying high potential of application as shutter for transparent displays and energy saving devices. In another part, an effective method to transfer AgNWs into PDMS by sacrificial substrates which has hydrophobic surface, and successfully prepare stretchable AgNWs/PDMS hybrid electrodes having high transparency and low sheet resistance at the same time. The prepared electrodes could be stretched, twisted, and bended without significant loss of conductivity. Furthermore, a novel elastomeric HV ECD was fabricated based on these stretchable AgNWs/PDMS hybrid electrodes. This elastomeric HV ECD could exhibit excellent electrochromic behavior and transform the color between colorless and blue even after 100 switching cycle. It was the first ECD based on full AgNWs system.