- 學位論文
動態移動下近場資訊系統有效涵蓋範圍之研究
Effective Coverage in Near Field Information System under Mobile Condition
摘要
政府積極推動ITS發展下，目前已成功開發許多供民眾線上查詢之交通資訊系統-ATIS，然而用路人車行中因侷限於網路環境、天候不佳或受前方車輛阻擋等因素，導致無法接收部分標誌標線號誌或前方即時交通狀況之訊息，以致違規或錯失指示訊息而繞道而行，事態嚴重時將可能影響用路人本身及他人生命財產安全。因此如何提升用路人於車行中取得即時即地交通資訊儼然已成為ITS-ATIS發展重要課題。 經回顧歐、美、日與國內道路基礎設施與車輛合作相關系統後，雖營運架構與技術不盡相同，卻皆為獨立之系統，其完整設施架構與通訊介面僅用於車輛偵測作業使用，實屬可惜，應設法將其結合資通訊功能，以提供整合性之ITS服務，而欲發展智慧型運輸系統首需建構於即時交通資料蒐集之基礎上，後端交通管理決策亦需前端供給詳實交通資料方可造就成高效率蒐集及發佈交通資訊系統。 應用構想係以近場無線通訊設備作為車輛於行程中接收與發送交通資訊之平台，以改善駕駛者受環境因素影響而錯失交通號誌標誌或可變資訊標誌訊息之問題，並可藉由車輛與路側端之通訊互動擷取車輛相關資訊與交通參數，達成車輛辨識系統或偵測器之功能;欲達上述眾多功能，近場資訊系統有效涵蓋範圍便占極高之重要性，如能就此議題加以研究，應具未來實用之價值。故針對近場資訊系統有效涵蓋範圍進行失誤率、電腦模擬、靜態與動態相關實驗，並推估傳輸有效距離模式及分析與驗證，以確保整體系統運作之可靠度。 本研究結果指出近場資訊系統設備於重發機制下傳輸失誤率趨近於0%，藉由實驗推導出之有效涵蓋範圍模式，經MAPE檢驗後判定為高準確性之預測，可作為評估近場資訊系統因應現地狀況佈設之參考指標，並經ITS-ATIS Demo及與現今偵測器比較後可知，近場資訊系統確實可輔助用路人獲得即時即地交通資訊以利行車決策與有效降低社會成本，並可有效提升ITS整體發展。
並列摘要
Nowadays our government has been advocating for ITS. Thus, ITS has been developed successfully for citizens to check traffic reports by on-line ATIS. However the road users have been restricted by the internet environment, bad weather, on-going traffic congestion and unexpected future traffic factors. Therefore, some traffic information like traffic signs, traffic markings, traffic signals or on-going real-time information can not be received completely when cars are moving on the road. These would mislead the road users to get incorrect information and make a detour, or even lead to more serious safety problems to the road users themselves. Thus, it is a vital matter of immediate urgency for ITS-ATIS to improve on real-time traffic information for road users. Through the retrospect on cooperating related systems between national infrastructure and vehicle agencies in Europe, the State, Japan, and Taiwan, we can find out the development of intelligent transportation system needs to be built on collecting real-time traffic information. As making big decision, the traffic management of Near Field Information System needs to be integrated various traffic information perfectively from beginning to end and provide road users real conditions so that they could get prompt and clear traffic information, which view as high efficiently collecting and transmitting the traffic information. Therefore, the concept of effective coverage in Near Field Information System from this study has taken a high value. In particular, I went through with error tests, computer stimulation, dynamic and static conditions, and relevant experiments on effective coverage of Near Field Information System to deduce the accuracy data from polynomial which come from transmitting effective distance, analytic report , and several trails to ensure the reliability of operation. According to this research that indicates the error tests tended to be zero percentage through the resending device of Near Field Information System by the experiments which deduced the effective coverage polynomial. Eventually, this research has turned out as a prediction of high accuracy after several trails and also regarded as a benchmark to measure Near Field Information System in the local geologic conditions. In addition, through ITS-ATIS demo and compared Near Field Information System with current vehicle detectors, we can prove near field information will be able to help road users get the real-time traffic information and make decision when driving, and cut down the cost of the society effectively as well.