多處理器整合生理訊號平台於新生兒先天性心臟病篩檢之應用

Multi-processor Platform for Integration of Physiological Signals in Newborns for Congenital Heart Disease Screening

陳語瀚(Yu-Han Chen)

指導教授 ： 林啟萬

國立臺灣大學/電機資訊學院/生醫電子與資訊學研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2012.02261

摘要

本研究發展一套多處理器整合生理訊號平台系統，並應用在先天性心臟病新生兒的篩檢上。此整合生理訊號平台量測三合一整合型訊號，包含心音、心電圖和血氧訊號，並加上後端病徵特徵分析演算法，針對生理訊號做進一步的診斷分析，並提供相關後續處理建議。我們針對七種最常見，並有致死危險的先天性心臟病來做診斷，實驗結果可看出，本系統對於患有先天性心臟病的新生兒，有相當高的診斷率。
此多處理器整合生理訊號平台以TI的微處理器MSP430FG439為主體，前端生理訊號感測器經類比電路擷取後，藉由微處理器將訊號做A/D轉換整合，經藍芽技術傳至後端的電腦，做病症特徵的分析以及結果顯示。
在心音量測模組的部分，提高心音訊號的品質，有效提升診斷的準確率，並引進TI的類比晶片AIC3254 mini-DSP技術，將去環境雜音的可適性濾波器應用在量測心音時消除環境雜音，可清楚量到SNR為21.78 dB的心音訊號。心電圖量測模組使用TI所提供的INA333零漂移儀表放大器，可清楚量測到SNR為12.5 dB的心電圖訊號。血氧訊號使用TI的MSP430FG439為主體的韌體程式以及Nellcor的嬰兒包覆式血氧感測器。
系統將程序簡單化有效減少操作複雜度，在醫院中不必經過換診做不同生理訊號的量測與診斷，不需要經過專業的醫護人員即可進行心臟狀況的評估，因此可以減少傳統新生兒先天性心臟病的篩檢成本。系統具備易操作性與可攜性的優點，篩檢程序在五分鐘內即可完成，除了適合在醫院中當成新生兒出生時先天性心臟病基本篩檢流程的檢測，也可用以做居家的照護；在新生兒回家後，持續使用本系統檢測嬰兒的生理訊號狀態。

關鍵字

先天性心臟病 ； 多處理器整合生理訊號平台 ； 新生兒先天性心臟病篩檢 ； 心音 ； 心電圖 ； 血氧濃度計

並列摘要

In this research, we develop a multi-processor platform for integration of physiological signals which is implemented on screening newborns for congenital heart disease. The multi-processor platform measures the triple integrated signals, including the phonocardiogram, electrocardiogram (ECG), and pulse oximetry. The built-in diagnostic algorithm provides the management guidelines for practitioners. We take seven critical and significant heart diseases of newborns into account. From the result, the system has high diagnosis rate of congenital heart disease of newborns.
The multi-processor platform is based on TI’s microprocessor MSP430FG439. After the front-end circuit captures the physiological signals, these signals transmit into microprocessor for A/D converting and then transmit to back-end PC by wireless Bluetooth for analyzing the disease characteristics and show the results.
To enhance the quality of heart sound signal, using the TI’s analog chip AIC3254 with mini-DSP technology to implement the noise cancellation adaptive filter and the SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) of the heart sound signal is 21.78 dB. In the part of electrocardiogram, using the TI’s Zero-drift Instrumentation Amplifier INA333 and the SNR of the ECG signal is 12.5 dB. In the part of pulse oximetry, using the firmware code of MSP430FG439 and the Nellcor neonate silicone wrap probe to measure the oxygen saturation.
The system is designed with very simple process. With the system, the newborns need not to be changed consultation for measuring different physiological signal. Furthermore, it doesn’t need the professional doctors and nurses to diagnose and thus it can reduce the cost of traditional screening procedure. Because of the advantages of portability and property of easy manipulation, it will take less than 5 minutes to finish screening. It is not only suited to newborn congenital heart disease screening at the hospital, but can also be used at home. After a baby discharges from the hospital nursery, parents can still use the system to inspect their baby’s situation.

並列關鍵字

congenital heart disease ； multi-processor platform for integration of physiological signals ； newborn congenital heart disease screening ； heart sound ； electrocardiography(ECG) ； pulse oximetry

參考文獻

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