質子交換膜燃料電池氣體擴散層之材料改良與性能分析

質子交換膜燃料電池是目前各種替代能源中，最受各界矚目的其中一種。其作用為氫氣透過質子交換膜解離成氫離子和電子，而氫離子再和氧氣結合生成水。本研究以奈米碳管取代一般用的碳粉，以作為氣體擴散層上的微孔層，目前奈米材料在燃料電池上的應用，用在觸媒層居多，試圖提高電池性能或找出可以替代昂貴白金觸媒的材料。研究內容包括微孔層材料的分析、觸媒層的塗佈、氣體擴散層的塗佈及成品的各項電性分析和耐久性測試。本研究先以自製觸媒膜Catalyst Coated Membrane (CCM)搭配商購氣體擴散層Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL)組成電池並測試，證明在實驗室自製CCM的製程和性能達到一定水準之後，再對自製的碳粉GDL及奈米碳管GDL做測試，其中最重要的兩項參數為鐵氟龍 (PTFE)含量及燒結時間，若PTFE含量太少，微孔層疏水性不足且易脫落；而PTFE含量太多則會造成導電性下降，影響電子傳遞，燒結時間也是決定疏水性的重要因素之一。對各種不同材料、不同PTFE含量、不同燒結時間的微孔層做分析比較，最後成功在實驗室做出接近商用性能之燃料電池，更發現使用奈米碳管當作微孔層的燃料電池，擁有比使用碳粉當作微孔層的燃料電池要有更佳的耐久性。

關鍵字

質子交換膜燃料電池；奈米碳管；微孔層；氣體擴散層

並列摘要

The PEMFC is one of the most important alternative energy sources. It decomposes hydrogen into hydrogen ions and electrons, while the hydrogen ions and oxygen combine to form water. This study replaces the general use of carbon black with carbon nanotube as the microporous layer of GDL. The study includes the analysis of the material for the microporous layer, the coating of the catalyst layer, the coating of the gas diffusion layer, the cell output performance test and accelerated test. In this study, first we combine the homemade Catalyst Coated Membrane(CCM) with a commercially available gas diffusion layer Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) to compose a PEM fuel cell and test. After we prove it is worked for our process and performance, then we test our homemade GDL with carbon black and GDL with carbon nanotube, the most two important parameters are the weight percent of PTFE and the sintering time. If the PTFE content is too low, it will lead to insufficient hydrophobic microporous layer and easy to fall off; If the PTFE content is too high, it will lead to decreased conductivity, affect electronic transmission, and the sintering time is also an important factor in the decision of hydrophobicity. We analyze the PEMFCs with different materials, content of PTFE, sintering time, finally, we successfully make a PEMFC with performance close to the commercial one, and also find that it is more durable for the PEMFC with carbon nanotube as Micro Porous Layer (MPL) than the PEMFC with carbon black as MPL.

並列關鍵字

PEMFCs ； carbon nanotube ； MPL ； GDL

參考文獻

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26. 白程元, 超音波霧化系統針對質子交換膜燃料電池雙極反應氣體增濕效率之探討. 台灣大學工科海洋所, 2011.

27. 彭思塽, 結合模糊滑動平面控制與超音波增濕系統最佳化質子交換膜燃料電池輸出. 台灣大學工科海洋所, 2012

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質子交換膜燃料電池氣體擴散層之材料改良與性能分析

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