開孔鋼筋混凝土剪力牆側力位移曲線之研究

A Study of Lateral Load and Displacement Curves of Reinforced Concrete Wall with Openings

徐侑呈(Hsu, Yu-Cheng)

指導教授 ： 黃世建

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201801669

摘要

臺灣街屋之震損調查經驗顯示，低矮型街屋的破壞多集中延騎樓方向的一樓，這是由於街屋建築型式具有延此方向開孔牆較多的特性。而為了經濟有效地進行新建設計與既有建築之評估與補強，考慮開孔鋼筋混凝土剪力牆的耐震貢獻是必要的。
因此本研究之目的是開發一套開孔鋼筋混凝土剪力牆的側力位移曲線分析模型，作為工程師於設計或評估既有結構物之耐震能力分析所需的工具。工程師可以將本研究提出之側力位移曲線設定為等值寬柱模型之非線性塑鉸，並以此進行低矮型結構物之非線性側推分析求取整體結構之側力容量曲線。
根據美國 ACI 318-14 規範，規定須在開孔處額外配置水平與垂直筋。而日本 AIJ (2010) 規範所建議之強度分析公式中則是包含開孔剪力牆兩側邊界柱之主筋與尺寸等參數。本研究提出之分析模型能反應開口水平補強鋼筋的配置與細節及邊界構材之主筋與混凝土對於開孔鋼筋混凝土剪力牆的強度貢獻，因而對開孔鋼筋混凝土之側力位移曲線能作較為準確的評估。

關鍵字

鋼筋混凝土 ； 開孔牆 ； 側力位移曲線 ； 耐震評估 ； 邊界構材

並列摘要

Accoding the reconnaissance of building damage due to earthquake, most low-rise street buildings were damaged concentrately on the first floor parallel to the arcade. The reason is that the walls are with more openings along this direction. In order to seismic design and retrofit buildings economically and efficiently, the stiffness and the strength of the walls with openings should be considered.
Hance, a prediction model for lateral load and displacement curves of reinforced concrete wall with opening is proposed in this thesis. With it, engineers can conduct nonlinear push-over analysis included the seismic behavior of shear wall with opening. The results become more accurate. Therefore, the economic efficiency of seismic design and retroffting is improved, and the damage of RC wall with opening can be controlled.
Per the ACI 318-14, the code suggestes that the extra horizontal and vertical reinforcement is required around the openings. According to AIJ (2010), a propsed strength prediction formula is provided, considering the effects of the longitudinal reinforcement and the exterior concrete of the boundary elements. However the requirement of ACI 318-14 is a qualitative description and the prediction meodel of AIJ (2010) is an empirical formula, lacking of clear physical meaning.
The proposed model in this thesis is base on the force transfer mechanism, expected to describe the strength contribution of extra reinforcement near the openings and the boundary element more clearly. Also, the amount, location and detailing of reinforcement can be well designed with this model. The prediction results are reasonable and conservative comparing with the experimental data from literature.

並列關鍵字

reinforced concrete ； wall with openings ； lateral load and displacement curve ； seismic evaluation ； boundary element

參考文獻

[1] ACI Committee 318, (2014), “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-14) and Commentary (ACI 318R-14),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich., 520 pp.

[2] ASCE, (2014), “Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings (41-13),” ASCE/SEI 41-13, Reston, VA.

[3] Bali, I., and Hwang, S. J. (2007). “Strength and deflection prediction ofdouble curvature reinforced concrete squat walls.” Struct. Eng. Mech., 27(4), 501 – 521.

[4] Collins, M.P., and Mitchell, D., (1987), “Prestressed Concrete Basics”, Canadian Precast Prestressed Concrete Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 614 pp.

[5] Elwood, K. J., and Moehle, J. P., (2005), “Axial capacity model for shear damaged columns,” ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 102, No. 4, 578-587.