應用於電力線通訊之寬頻傳輸端放大器設計

A Wideband Transmitter Amplifier Design for Power Line Communication Application

劉昶毅(Chang-Yi Liu)

指導教授 ： 陳中平

國立臺灣大學/電機資訊學院/電子工程學研究所/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2015.01750

摘要

為了家庭數位化的願景，具有高速傳輸速率的家庭網路將會不可或缺。為了達到這個目標，利用電力線作為傳輸媒介的電力線通訊是一解決方法。此種通訊的最大好處是可以直接利用串連起電器的電線作傳輸，可以省卻再拉線的成本。為了達到高傳輸量，再傳輸協定上把原本通訊頻寬從2-28MHz拓展到2-86MHz。
但電力線的特徵阻值變化極大且與頻率並無相關，這會使得在設計電力線驅動器上會造成問題發生，故在此設計上會以平均阻值作為設計考量。由於使用CMOS 90奈米製程，由於無高電壓供使用，在此利用一升壓變壓器當作介面來把訊號載到電力線上，但卻會使得驅動器的負載更小，這亦會增加困難。
在驅動器穩定性考量上，在多級驅動電路中會以巢狀式米勒補償來穩定並會以阻尼因子控制網絡來抑制開迴路頻率響應產生的高頻凸起，並在電阻性負載改變時候的高頻凸起亦能被抑制。另外在中間電路中會再加入一前饋路徑來改善因輸出級尺寸大而有較大的寄生電容所造成的頻寬不足。
在系統量測上，數位類比轉換電路和傳輸器類比前端包含濾波器和驅動電路的輸出線性度量測上分別在HomePlug AV和HomePlug AV2中有達到大於40dB和36dB的結果。

關鍵字

電力線通訊 ； 傳輸器類比前端 ； 線驅動器 ； 阻尼因子控制網絡 ； 巢狀式米勒補償

並列摘要

The high speed communication network in home is indispensable to achieve the vision of digital home. In order to achieve the goal, transmitting data through power line is adopted since it saves the cost of extra cable setting. Moreover, to improve the data rate, the signal bandwidth is increased from the 2-28MHz for Home Plug AV specification to the 2-86MHz for Home Plug AV2 specification in this topic.
The characteristic of power line is different everywhere in the world. Moreover, the output loading existing in the line driver output is in huge variation due to the channel response. An average value of equivalent resistance for power line is considered in design. For line driver linearity issue, three stage amplifier and feed-forward compensation are used to achieve high loop gain. Damping factor control network and nested Miller compensation technique are used to suppress the open-loop frequency peak and improve stability. As a result, the peaking is suppressed even when the output resistive loading changes.
The transmitter amplifier of transmitter analog front end in power line communication is realized in TSMC 90nm CMOS process. Moreover, the supply voltage is 2.5V for I/O usage. Multi-tone power ratio (MTPR) is one of targets in linearity testing. The MTPR measurement result of the output for transmitter is higher than 40 dBc in HomePlug AV and 36dBc for HomePlug AV2. The recovered QAM in HomePlug AV is 256 QAM and 64 QAM for HomePlug AV2 application.

並列關鍵字

power line communication ； transmitter analog front end ； line driver ； damping factor control network ； nested Miller compensation

參考文獻

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