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  • 學位論文

藐視法庭罪制度之研究

The Study on Contempt of Court

指導教授 : 陳新民
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摘要


由於藐視法庭制度係起源於英美法,而我國係屬大陸法系,因此於引進完整的藐視法庭制度這類與我國現行體制截然不同的外國立法例時,確應仔細評估其得失,其中尤以英美法現行藐視法庭罪之經驗與利弊更值得探討。 本研究主要區分為六大章節,於第一章緒論之部分,本文將提出研究動機與目的、研究範圍與限制、研究途徑與方法,並針對相關文獻為探討與分析,以了解先前之專書或期刊、論文之觀點,並於緒論最後一節出本論文之預期成果。 第二章將針對法治國家中之藐視法庭罪為制度性之探討,探討其成立依據並為概念分析,本部分著重於分析藐視法庭罪之可罰性及研析藐視法庭制度存在之必要與否。此外,本章最後將介紹間接藐視法庭罪及直接藐視法庭罪之意涵與背景。 第三章將介紹英國藐視法庭制度,並論及英國藐視法庭制度之沿革。本章區分為習慣法與一九八一年藐視法庭法二部分,其中著重於分析一九八一年藐視法庭法案之原則與要件,並引用相關判決。俾其得釐清英國藐視法庭制度之形成、運作及變遷。 本論文於第四章將介紹美國藐視法庭制度,首先將介紹美國藐視法庭制度,次以民法、刑法、直接、間接為標準,介紹不同態樣之藐視法庭罪。第三,本章將援引美國法院之若干判決來形塑關於此制度之原理原則,並釐清美國法院如何操作、適用直接、間接藐視法庭制度。最後蒐集相關文獻進行檢討,並提出分析觀點與架構。 第五章將以英美兩國藐視法庭制度之利弊得失為借鏡,剖析我國歷年來與間接藐視法庭制度有關之修法。將自出版法第33條開始論起,次以刑法修正小組曾提出之刑法修正草案第140條第3項、第140條之1之制訂原由論起,釐清增訂之目的及草案之沿革,並詳細介紹近年來法務部提出關於藐視法庭罪之修正草案,以民國九十八年十二月七日舉辦之公聽會為例,詳述各方不同見解與批判。 為探討藐視法庭制度存在之必要,於第六章亦即結論與展望之部分,本研究將比較美國、英國制度的特質、定位與差異。進一步分析我國與兩者之間之利弊得失,藉由英美兩國藐視法庭制度之經驗檢視,綜合分析該制度之趨勢及可取之處,提供我國進行相關改革及修法之參考,並提出本文之結論與建議,希冀有助於建構符合我國立法、制度、實務運作、以及國情等方面均可行且完善的藐視法庭制度。

並列摘要


Contempt of court originated from the Anglo-American legal system, which is also referred to as the common law. As a nation under the system of the civil law, we should meticulously weigh the advantages and disadvantages of both legal systems and regard past successes from the Anglo-American legal system as a paragon in order to reach the most appropriate criteria. This thesis is categorized into six major chapters. The prologue consists of the research motive, purpose, scope, limitations, procedure, and methods. Next, analysis of related former documentations will reflect different interpretations concerning contempt of court. Pertaining the final section, this thesis will discuss about the expectable results. In the second chapter, this thesis will scrutinize the legal regulations and rules of the Anglo-American contempt of court. The purpose in the establishment and sustainment of the contempt of court will be evaluated, followed by a background and definition analysis of direct and indirect contempt. The third chapter will focus on the British contempt of court, covering a historical analysis pertaining its development since the 12th century. This chapter is divided into two sections—the investigation of the common law and the 1981 Contempt of Court Act, with emphasis on elements of articles in the latter. Case studies will also be referenced in this chapter as they contribute to the developing appliances of the contempt of court. The American contempt of court will be introduced in chapter four, comparing and contrasting civil contempt, crinimal contempt, direct contempt, and indirect contempt. Appliances and development will also be observed from former findings, interpreting the concept, extent, and framework of this order. Considering the advantages and disadvantages of both the British and American contempt of court, the fifth chapter will discuss relative modifications made by our country’s legislative institution. The modifications consist of Article 33 in Publish Law, and Article 140(3) and 140-1 of Criminal Law. The most recent modification by The Ministry of Justice in the Modification Seminar, December 7th, 2009, will also be examined in this chapter. The sixth chapter will conclude by proposing modifications for our nation’s legal system after considering various traits from the contempt of court in Britain, the United States, and the Republic of China. With our proposal, we hope to strive for a more effective, comprehensive, and efficient legal system for our nation.

參考文獻


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