台灣地區隧道式雙層塑膠膜溫室設計與環境調節能力研究

Design and Environmental Adjustment of Tunnel Type Greenhouse with Double PE Covers in Taiwan

賴岱巖(Tai-Yen Lai)

指導教授 ： 侯文祥

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/生物環境系統工程學研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2004.01027

摘要

改良溫室構造物外殼設計，不使用附屬降溫或加溫設備，使溫室室內環境可以合乎台灣地區生物生長氣候，且兼顧經濟性為本研究目標。從雙層溫室設計建造與環境實驗兩方面探討台灣地區溫室的合理設計與應用。設施建造方面，採用鍍鋅鋼圓管隧道式構造搭配20cm空氣層、寬30cm氣流口、雙層50%及80%黑網及0.1mmPE膜布，組合成雙層PE膜隧道式溫室。以電腦軟體進行安全性分析，可以承受5級地震及12級強風。其主骨架單位體積用鋼量為4.02kg/m3、單位體積成本為188.7元/ m3。環境實驗方面，以實體雙層PE膜溫室分別在中海拔地區及平地地區進行四季環境計測實驗，探討夏季日間降溫能力、冬季夜間保溫能力及其他季節設施狀態。夏季實驗結果顯示空氣層20cm、雙層80%黑網遮蔽、氣流口開啟下，室溫可低於外氣溫4.3℃，熱阻能力11%；冬季保溫結果顯示，在空氣層封閉狀態下，日間可達25~35℃，夜間室溫均維持比外氣溫高1℃~3℃，且室內維持穩定氣候狀態。空氣層模擬實驗，以15cm空氣層厚度搭配可開閉氣流口設計可以達到夏季日間降溫，冬季夜間保溫目的環境需求。

關鍵字

雙層PE膜 ； 空氣層 ； 隔熱 ； 保溫 ； 溫室

並列摘要

This study is to make the inner environment of greenhouse suitable for plant growing under Taiwan’s climate by designing non-electric driven modules for greenhouse. Two parts, establishment of double-layer greenhouse as well as environmental experiments, are designed or undertaken analyzed as regard to a reasonable design and application of greenhouse. As to the material and structure, a tunneled style of greenhouse is created by using zinc-covered steel round pipe as the framework. Other designs include a 20cm air layer, a 30cm wind gap, a double-layer of black nets with 50% and 20% transparency, and a 0.1mm PE rubber covered in the surface. The safety analysis reveals a capacity of the greenhouse to stand for V-magnitude earthquakes and XII-magnitude hurricanes. The average consumption of steel as the framework is 4.02kg/m3, and the average cost is NT188.7/m3. As to the environment, the study discusses the temperature reduction ability in summer daytime, the heat preservation capacity in winter nights and the facility conditions under other seasons by designing experiments in the new built greenhouses in middle and low latitude area in different seasons. Results in summer experiments show that the inner temperature can be 4.3℃ lower than outside, and the heat prevention rate is 11% while the air layer is 20cm with black net of 20% transparency and the air gap is opened. Results in winter experiment conclude that the inner climate can remain stable when air gap is closed. The temperature in the daytime is 25 to 35 ℃, and it can be 1 to 3℃ higher than outside at winter nights. The simulation analysis of the air layer results that our goals can be satisfied by applying a 15cm air layer and an adjustable air gap. This design just occupied 12% of the greenhouse area and is thus space-efficient.

並列關鍵字

Heat preservation ； Greenhouse ； Air gap ； Double PE films ； Heat prevention

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