- 學位論文
雙層被覆溫室之結構經濟設計與熱環境模擬研究
Study of Economic Structure Design and Heat Flux Simulation for Double-Layer Greenhouse in Taiwan.
摘要
台灣地屬西太平洋亞熱帶季風氣候區，悶熱之天氣條件使生長在溫室內之生物，需大量依賴機械設備去調節溫度，所以設計符合安全性、經濟性及室內氣候環境控制之生物生產用構造物，可以提昇農民從事相關生物作物栽培品質。 本研究運用STAAD-III結構軟體，分析模擬雙層單斜式構造物之結構安全性，並在結構安全前提下，進行經濟性管徑勁度設計，以達到節省成本之效益。構築單棟溫室時，最經濟性結構之應力分擔為設計分配，外層骨架ψ3/4”內層骨架ψ1”，單位面積用鋼量15.94 kg/m2，單位面積成本743元/ m2，單位體積用鋼量5.14 kg/m3，單位體積成本240元/ m3為經濟性設計。 在熱收支模擬方面，以FLUENT計算流體力學模式軟體，探討雙層單斜式被覆溫室室內的熱流場及輻射熱量散佈狀態，模擬單斜式溫室型態，對熱量流失及維持室內常溫之探討。夏季雙層單斜式被覆溫室，當出風口關閉時，室內熱量由兩側開口直接流出，是最好之排熱方式，故夏季節能最佳化模組為外壁PE膜高100~150cm開口、內壁PE膜高100~150cm開口、出風口關閉之模組。當屋頂內外出風口全開，對於冬季溫室室內空氣品質較能有良好的空氣交換，室內維持良好空氣氣流，故冬季節能最佳化模組為外壁PE膜關閉、內壁PE膜高150~200cm開口、出風口全開啟之模組。
並列摘要
Abstract Taiwan, geographically located at West Pacific subtropical monsoon-climate area is in hot weather condition and the bio-production in structure greenhouse needs tremendous mechanical equipments for adjusting their living temperature. Therefore, designing a productive building which in compliance with the criteria of security, economic, and indoor climate environmental control, may uplift farmer’s efficiency of conducting a relative creatures business. This research adopts〝STAAD-III〞structural analysis software to simulate double layers structure. In the premise of structural security, we implement the economic design to reach the cost orientation purpose. To constructing an single greenhouse, the most economic structure is the design of physical stress contribution : outer skeleton 3/4’’ , inner skeleton 1’’, the steel consuming quantity per unit measure is 5.14kg/m3, the unit volume cost is NT＄240/m2. In the aspect of heat flux,〝 Fluent〞computational fluid dynamics model software to probe into double-layers shed cover greenhouse inner heat circulation and heat radiation status. By using such method to imitate monocline greenhouse model , the exploration of heat loss rate and maintaining the in-house temperature. In summer, Double-layers shed cover greenhouse, when an air vent was shut, the hot air flows out through both side outlets is the best way to drain out hot air. Thus, the most energy-saving optimization module in the summer is using outer wall PE film 100-150cm high , inner wall 100-150cm high, and outlet-off module. In winter, when an air vent was fully opened ,it offers better in house air quality and ventilation. Thus, the best module of energy-saving optimization in the winter is utilizing outer-wall PE film off , inner-wall film 150-200cm high and Outlet-On.