縣市政府招商政策執行之研究-以台北縣政府為例

黃正誠(Jeng-Cherng Hwang)

指導教授 ： 黃錦堂

國立臺灣大學/社會科學院/政治學研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2005.01639

摘要

由於環境變遷及中國大陸積極展開招商舉措，對台灣的經濟結構造成重大的衝擊，促使中央政府積極召開全國經濟發展會議，體認「招商重於審核」的精神，透過權力下放、政策鬆綁以提升台灣市場的投資條件，並積極鼓勵地方政府招商，意圖吸引企業根留台灣。台北縣不僅為全國人口最多的行政區域且位於首都圈，亦是北台灣產業之重心，更是全國工商產業大縣，為協助企業排除投資設廠障礙，台北縣政府特別成立專責單位負責推動招商，雖初具成效，但仍無法抵擋產業結構轉變之趨勢。
本研究探討台北縣政府執行招商政策所遭遇之問題：（一）行政效率問題：1.法規限制與審查效率問題；2.台北縣工商展覽中心委外經營問題；（二）資源問題：1.產業土地問題（包含006688方案；三免五減半政策，土城頂埔、樹林大同高科技園區等）2.財政誘因問題（包含中央獎勵誘因及地方招商之租稅減免獎勵誘因）；（三）違章工廠問題；（四）基礎設施負擔問題等。
從政策執行過程中透過對傳統公共行政，新公共管理、新公共服務及新治理等治理模式之選用，發現縣（市）政府有待克服執行困境：（一）人力問題：公務人力、能力不足；（二）資源問題：1.中央政府「財政集權化」，地方陷入無錢、無權的困境2.無錢無權影響政策執行（影響既成道路取得；租稅及獎勵誘因不足；土地回饋金無法專款專用）3.台北縣土地資源有限；（三）組織問題：1.自治機能不彰，難以發展地方特色2.缺乏區域（跨域）合作機制，影響地方發展（四）法令與管理問題：1.依法行政與績效顧客導向成果的困境2.公共安全管理問題3.土地變更綠地回饋之管理維護問題；（五）政治問題：舊地方主義政治影響政策執行。最後提出漸進改善策略。

關鍵字

政策執行 ； 治理 ； 租稅減免 ； 地方經濟發展 ； 地方政府

並列摘要

With change of surroundings and the investment canvassing of the Mainland China, Taiwan’s economic structure has been lashed. To raise the market opportunities of Taiwan, the central government convoked economic development conference. Having the knowledge of “canvassing is superior to investigating,” the central government loosened policies, and encouraged local government to canvass investment. All these measures were taken to attract investors to keep their business headquarters here.
Taipei County, located in the capital zone, is the most populous area of the nation. It is also the core in industrial, commercial and manufacturing aspects. In order to help enterprises remove the investing obstacles, Taipei County Government (TCG) set up a special unit to charge the canvassing affairs. At first, the special unit was in control, but it still couldn’t ward off changes of industry structure.
This research discusses the problems, which TCG got when implementing the canvassing policies: (1) administrative efficiency--a. limits in laws and the efficiency when investigating b. problems to contract out running Taipei County Government Construction Bureau ; (2) resources--a. lands (Case 006688 land rent discount; three years 100％ land rent reduction and five years 50％ land rent reduction Policy , Diing-Buu high technology zone in Tuu-cherng town and Dah-Torng high technology zone in Shuh-Lin town ) b. financial incentives (from the encouragement centrally and the tax reduction locally); (3) undocumented factories; (4) the burden of foundation equipments.
During the process of carrying out policies, TCG adopted modes of Traditional Public Administration, New Public Management, New Public Service and New Governance. We can find that TCG has some problems to overcome: (1) human resources—the insufficiency of personnel and ability; (2) resources—a. the central government brings money and power under central control b. TCG can put policies into practice partly with limited providing (which influences roads rights buying, the confined reduction of tax, Development Impact Fees cannot be used directly) c. usable grounds are limited in Taipei County; (3) Organization—a. TCG cannot self-govern and develop its unique styles very well b. local governments cannot cooperate with each other; (4)laws and management—a. the dilemma of legislation and customer orientation b. the management of public safety c. the problem when TCG maintains green belt which dedication of land ; (5)politics—traditional local politic power influence policies implementation.
Strategies are provided at last.

並列關鍵字

policy implementation, ； governance ； tax abatement ； local economic development ； local government

參考文獻

孫同文，2003，《從威權政府到民主治理－台灣公共行政理論與實務之變遷》，台北：元照出版公司。

孫克難，2002，（大陸華東招商引資對台灣的啟示），《經濟前瞻》，9月：62-68

趙永茂，2001，（台灣府際關係與跨域管理的發展方向），《政府再造：政府角色功能的新定位》，台北：新台灣人文教基金會，301-314。

Rhodes, R. A. W.（1997） Understanding Governance：Policy Networks, Governance, Reflexivity and Accountability. Buckinggham：Open University Press.

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