流蘇重複微扦插之體外復幼作用與不定根發生

以流蘇基部所抽出之復勢枝條(invigorated shoot)為培植體，其汙染率和培植體成活率隨著採樣季節時間而有所不同，以6月採集消毒後汙染率20%為最底。由於流蘇為木本植物，植體內部含有大量的酚類物質，培養初期會造成培植體大量褐化，之後隨著繼代次數增加，酚類物質逐漸消褪，褐化的情況也會逐漸減少。進瓶後的復勢枝條所抽出的枝梢具有絨毛，葉緣為鋸齒狀，顯示具有幼年期性。培養初代的培植體發根率只有2.5%，經過連續11個月的繼代培養，到了第四代培植體發根率可達32.5%，顯示逐漸復幼的趨勢。為加速復勢枝條枝條的增殖效率，將培植體培養於含有TDZ和Kinetin 1、2或5 mg/L的WPM培養基中四週後，結果顯示Kinetin 2 mg/L的增殖效率最高，平均每個培植體可誘導出3.33個不定芽的生長，而TDZ 1 mg/L所誘導的不定芽數雖然只有1.67個，但平均枝梢長度為2.6 cm較Kinetin 2 mg/L的處理(平均1.1 cm)為佳。在不定芽增殖試驗中培植體同時會誘導出綠色硬質的癒傷組織，然而繼代培養後無法繼續分化再生，最後褐化死亡。連續培養四至五個月後(約10~11月左右)培植體會出現生長停滯、落葉等芽體休眠的現象。將培植體培養於含有fluridone 0.5 mg/L的WPM培養基6週後可誘導11個不定芽的生長，新梢有白化的現象，移至不含fluridone的培養基一到兩週後可轉回綠色，但生長速度仍然相當緩慢，直到隔年二、三月左右開始才會逐漸恢復生長活力。另外為增加發根率，將第五代培植體培養於含NAA或IBA 1、2或5 mg/L的WPM培養基四週後，NAA 1 mg/L、IBA 1 mg/L及IBA 2 mg/L發根率均可達到100%。將根系外觀異常粗大肥短的培植體移至不含任何生長調節劑的WPM培養基一到兩週後，根系可以正常伸長。平均根長達1 cm以上的培植體可出瓶，套袋健化四週後可移至溫室正常生長。

關鍵字

流蘇；微扦插；復幼作用；瓶內發根；木本植物培養基

並列摘要

We used the invigorated shoots sprouted from the basal part of mature fringe tree and the in vitro contaminant rate and servived rate varied with the culture season, as we found the lowest contaminant rate 20% in June. As a woody plant, fringe tree had a great amount of phenolic substance which caused serious browning in the beginning of microcutting. As the phenolic substance decreasing with the times of subculture, the browning of explants got less and less. The sprouted shoots were hariy with serrated leaves showed the juvenile character. The rooting rate of the fisrt microcutting was only 2.5% and after 11 months of serial microcutting, the rooting rate of 4th generational explants reached to 32.5%, showed the tendency to rejuvenation. To increase the shoot proliferation, we used WPM supplemented wth 1~5 mg/L TDZ or kinetin, and the greatest result showed on kinetin 2 mg/L with 3.33 shoots per explant. TDZ 1 mg/L showed 1.67 shoots but the shoot length (2.6 cm) was longer than kinetin 2 mg/L (1.1 cm). The callus induced from invigorated shoots was green and compact but could not regenerate or proliferate and turned browned in the end. The explants entered dormancy after 4-5 months (around October to November) of serial microcutting. Transferred the dormant explants to WPM supplemented with 0.5 mg/L fluridone, explants can grew 11 etiolated bud after 6 weeks. The etiolated shoot would trun green after 1-2 weeks of subculturing on WPM without fluridone but the vigor and the proliferation didnot get back as usual until February to March the following year. In order to accelerate and increase the rooting rate, the 5th generational explants were transferred on WPM supplemented with 1~5 mg/L NAA or IBA. The best result showed 100% rooting on NAA 1 mg/L, IBA 1 mg/L and IBA 2 mg/L after 4 weeks of culture. The explants with abnormal shorter and fat roots was transferred onto WPM without any plant growth regulator and grew longer and normal after 1~2 weeks. The explants with average root length over 1 cm were successfully transferred in plug cell with plastic bag for 4 weeks and move to green house with the plastic bag.

並列關鍵字

Chionanthus restusus ； microcutting ； rejuvenation ； in vitro rooting ； WPM

參考文獻

14. 羅靜琪. 2004. 流蘇幼花衍生胚性細胞懸浮培養及體胚發生誘導. 國立台灣大學園藝學研究所碩士論文.

17. Bates, S., J. E. Preece, N. E. Navarrete, J. W. Van Sambeek, and G. R. Gaffney. 1992. Thidiazuron stimulates shoot organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis in white ash (Fraxinus americana L.). Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Cult. 31:21-29.

21. Cuenca, B., M. C. San-Jose, M. T. Martinez, A. Ballester, and A. M. Vieitez. 1999. Somatic embryogenesis from stem and leaf explant of Quercus robur L. Plant Cell Rep. 18:538-543.

22. Dirr, M. A. 1990. Manual of Woody Landscape Plants: Their Identification, Ornamental Characteristics, Culture, Propagation and Uses. Stipes Publ. Co., Champaign, III. (cited from Chan and Marquard).

23. Dirr, M. A. and C. W. Heaser, Jr. 1987. The reference manual of woody plant propagation. Athen, Ga, univ. Press.

國際替代計量

流蘇重複微扦插之體外復幼作用與不定根發生

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