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  • 學位論文

自體調諧質量阻尼器動力反應最佳化之振動台試驗研究

Experimental Study on Building Mass Damper Using Optimum Dynamic Response Control Algorithm

指導教授 : 張國鎮

摘要


採隔震設計之建築物於近年來快速成長,相較於一般基礎隔震在基礎施工以及相鄰建築物相接處理上較為繁瑣,中間層隔震因其施工性而逐漸被廣泛應用,然而中間層隔震之高模態參與比例較高,造成隔震層下部結構反應放大。而傳統調諧質量阻尼系統為一有效的振動能量吸收器,其基本原理為將調諧質量阻尼系統的自然頻率調整到接近主要系統的基本振動頻率,進而產生兩者之反相位共振以消散外力擾動能量。 自體調諧質量阻尼系統結合中間層隔震及調諧質量阻尼器之概念,在此系統中,將上部結構作為調諧質量,其勁度和阻尼則由控制層的支承墊和阻尼器提供,期望結合兩種系統之優點,同時有效降低控制層上下部結構之受震反應。 本研究以一三自由度模型模擬自體調諧質量阻尼系統,分別代表上部結構、控制層和下部結構,進行不同結構質量比下,其下部結構阻尼比對於動力反應最佳化系統參數之敏感度分析,並依此結果作為數值模型建立之參考依據。針對各數值模型,同時考量各樓層最大層間位移與最大加速度,決定最佳之結構質量比設計。 依據數值分析結果,本文規劃一振動台試驗,選定八層樓縮尺鋼構架,設計兩組不同結構質量比之試驗構架,考慮不同地震特性,試驗構架於單軸向地震力作用下之受震反應。由試驗結果有效掌握各組試驗構架之動態反應及各控制元件發揮之效果,配合模態參數識別的結果,重新修正原數值模型,探討BMD系統設計之可行性及有效性,並驗證數值模型建立之可靠度。最後,觀察於短、中、長週期下自體調諧質量阻尼系統與不同隔減震系統之受震反應,進一步瞭解自體調諧質量阻尼系統在結構週期變異下與不同隔減震系統之優劣。

並列摘要


Isolation system have be applied on many buildings recently, especially the mid-story isolation system is generally applied because of its constructability. But the response of substructure may be enlarged due to the flexibility and the contribution of the higher modes. Besides, tuned mass damper (TMD) system has been recognized as an effective energy absorbing device to reduce the undesirable vibrations of the attached vibrating system subjected to harmonic excitations. Therefore, the concept of building mass damper (BMD) design is to combine the tuned mass damper system and mid-story isolated design to control the seismic response of both substructure and superstructure. In BMD design, the superstructure above the isolation layer can serve as a tuned absorber mass whose stiffness and damping are provided by the isolation system composed of elastomeric bearings and additional dampers, as the advantages of conventional tuned mass damper and mid-story isolation systems can be integrated. In this research, a simplified three-lumped-mass structural model, simulating superstructure, control layer and substructure, represents a building with the BMD system. The objective function for the BMD design is determined by the dynamic response control of both the substructure and superstructure. Considering appropriate system parameters such as mass ratio and damping ratios, the optimum parameters for the BMD system are derived. A series of numerical analysis are performed to determine the optimum mass ratio. Then by applying the shaking table test, some system identification methods were performed to acquire the modal information such as frequency, damping ratio and modal participation mass ratio of test specimens. Accordingly some numerical models with the test results can be established and the numerical analysis and experimental results can be compared. Based on the research results, the effectiveness of the optimum BMD design on seismic protection of buildings is verified. Finally, compare the pros and cons of the seismic response between BMD system and other designs in different structural periods.

參考文獻


1. 李柏翰,自體調諧質量阻尼系統耐震行為與試驗研究,國立台灣大學土木工程學研究所博士論文,張國鎮教授指導,民國102年7月。
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被引用紀錄


劉郁芳(2018)。半主動自體調諧質量阻尼系統耐震行為與試驗研究〔博士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201800573
陳培榮(2016)。自體調諧質量阻尼系統動力反應最佳化於實務案例之可行性研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201601214

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