自體調諧質量阻尼器動力反應最佳化之可行性研究

Feasibility Study on Seismic Performance of Structures with Building Mass Damper Systems

莊幃竹(Wei-Chu Chuang)

指導教授 ： 張國鎮

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2014.02885

摘要

調諧質量阻尼系統為一有效的振動能量吸收器，將其連接於主要系統以降低在諧和外力擾動下之振動反應，其基本原理為將調諧質量阻尼系統的自然頻率調整到接近主要系統的基本振動頻率，進而產生兩者之反相位共振以消散外力擾動能量，在工程上之應用，早期主要應用於高樓結構之抗風設計，降低建築物因風力擾動產生之振動，後來亦應用於土木結構之耐震設計。
為克服傳統調諧質量阻尼系統因調諧質量過小而導致減震效益不彰之困擾，本研究將利用結構自身質量作為調諧質量阻尼系統，即自體調諧質量阻尼系統，並探討可同時控制自體調諧質量結構與主結構動力反應的最佳化設計方法，使兩者因互制作用而同時降低受震反應，提高建築物之使用性。本文首先考慮主結構與調諧質量結構合理的質量比與目標函數，利用簡化三自由度結構模型（自體調諧質量結構、自體調諧質量阻尼系統控制層與主結構）推導最佳化設計參數，在此系統中，將上部調諧質量結構視為調諧質量，控制層之勁度和阻尼則由支承墊與阻尼器提供，以數值分析結果初步決定一八層樓縮尺結構最佳之調諧質量結構與主結構質量比，並探討主結構外加額外阻尼對於整體結構受震反應之影響，以驗證最佳化自體調諧質量阻尼系統設計之可行性與最佳化設計方法之正確性。

關鍵字

調諧質量阻尼器 ； 中間樓層隔震 ； 自體調諧質量阻尼器 ； 設計方法 ； 目標函數 ； 數值分析

並列摘要

This thesis studies the seismic performance of the building mass damper (BMD) system, and address a preliminary optimum design methods for the BMD system to reduce the dynamic responses of both the building mass absorber and primary structure. Tuned mass damper (TMD) system has been recognized as an effective energy absorbing device to reduce the undesirable vibrations of the attached vibrating system (or primary system) subjected to harmonic excitations. Various objective functions for determining the optimum design parameters of a TMD system have also been developed and discussed based on the concept of generating a significant phase lag attributed to resonance between the primary structure and TMD system.
To overcome the concern of limited response reduction due to insufficient tuned mass in the conventional TMD design, the design method and seismic performance of the BMD system are analytically and numerically discussed in this thesis. In the BMD system, a part of structural mass, instead of additional mass like the conventional TMD system, is intended to be an energy absorber. A simplified three-lumped-mass structural model, in which three lumped masses are respectively assigned to the building mass absorber, control layer and primary structure, is assumed to represent a building with the BMD system. The objective function for the optimum BMD (or OBMD) design is determined based on the dynamic response control of both the primary structure and building mass absorber. Considering appropriate system parameters such as mass ratios and inherent damping ratios in the simplified structural model, the optimum parameters for the OBMD system can be derived. First, series of numerical studies for a 8-story scale-down building model are performed to determine a preliminary optimum mass ratio between the building mass absorber and primary structure. Then, addition reasonable damping ratio is assumed to apply on the primary structure. The seismic responses of the OBMD system are thoroughly investigated and the practicability and effectiveness of the OBMD system for seismic design are also verified.

並列關鍵字

Building mass damper ； Tuned mass damper ； Mid-story isolation system ； Objective function ； Optimum design ； Numerical study

參考文獻

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