活體膝關節韌帶在功能性活動下應力分佈之研究

In Vivo Stress Distribution of the Knee Ligaments During Functional Activities

林佑澤(Yu-Tse Lin)

指導教授 ： 呂東武

國立臺灣大學/工學院/醫學工程學研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2008.02191

摘要

在人體中，膝關節為重要的關節之一。其韌帶、肌肉以及關節面等組織間複雜的力學交互作用，更決定了膝關節之活動度以及穩定度。而了解這些膝關節韌帶的複雜力學，可以幫助我們更進一步的了解其傷害的產生緣由，以及改進韌帶重建手術過程的設計和有效的修復，讓膝關節能成功執行正常的功能性活動。
本研究目的為以有限元素法建立三維膝關節韌帶模型，以計算分析其韌帶在活體膝關節功能性活動下的應力分佈及受力情形。本研究韌帶之材料特性假設為等向、均質及不可壓縮的超彈性體。首先經由試體實驗來驗證，使用六軸機械手臂系統對膝關節試樣作前拉穩定度測試，其結果與電腦模擬分析的結果作為比較，來驗證此三維韌帶模型的力學特性。再將其應用在臨床功能性活動上，使用動態X光配合電腦骨骼模型技術，所量測到的活體關節三維運動學做為有限元素分析時的邊界條件，以求得膝關節韌帶在一般功能性活動下，其應力分佈情形。
本研究在膝關節有限元素模型上已經發展出一套完整的研究方法和流程。往後更可對不同受試者制定其個人化之膝關節模型，並解決目前膝關節相關研究上的困難。

關鍵字

膝關節 ； 三維膝關節韌帶模型 ； 有限元素分析 ； 功能性動作 ； 韌帶應力

並列摘要

The knee is the important joint in the human body. The mobility and stability of the knee joint are controlled by a complex interaction among force-bearing structures in knee. Knowledge of the mechanical interaction of the knee joint would aid the cause and the clinician in design of a suitable rehabilitation program for the ligaments injury of the knee.
The objective of this study was to calculation of in vivo the stress distribution and the force of the knee ligaments through the use of a 3-D finite element method of the ligaments during the functional activities of knee. The ligaments of the knee were simulated as incompressible isotropic homogeneous and isotropic hyperelastic materials. The mechanical properties of ligaments were validated by specimen experiments which were performed by laxity test using 6-degree robotic system. In clinical application, the dynamic pose of the femur and tibia can be obtained through 3-D surface model to 2-D fluoroscopy image registration for the boundary condition of FEA.
The study had developed an intact knee ligament modeling procedure. Then it can be applied to the subject-specific knee and overcome the difficulty of current knee joint studies.

並列關鍵字

knee joint ； 3-D knee ligament models ； finite element method ； functional activities ； ligaments stress

參考文獻

Beynnon, B. D., B. C. Fleming, et al. (1995). "Anterior cruciate ligament strain behavior during rehabilitation exercises in vivo." American Journal of Sports Medicine 23(1): 24-34.

Beynnon, B. D., M. H. Pope, et al. (1992). "The effect of functional knee-braces on strain on the anterior cruciate ligament in vivo." Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery - American Volume 74(9): 1298-312.

Blankevoort, L., R. Huiskes, et al. (1991). "Ligament-bone interaction in a three-dimensional model of the knee." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 113(3): 263-9.

Escamilla, R. F., G. S. Fleisig, et al. (1998). "Biomechanics of the knee during closed kinetic chain and open kinetic chain exercises." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 30(4): 556-69.

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