佛教慈濟醫療財團法人之使命與永續：內部觀點之分析

1972年，證嚴法師在花蓮仁愛街成立「慈濟功德會附設貧民施醫義診所」，為慈濟醫療志業的起點。慈濟醫療從1986年花蓮慈濟醫院啟業後，在守護生命、守護健康、守護愛的理念下，目前全臺慈濟醫療網共有七家醫院和一家診所。慈濟醫療法人之特色重點，如：醫療平權、醫療志工（多元人力）、素食推動（健康促進）、大體模擬手術（無語良師）、慈濟骨髓資料庫、義診及國際醫療、傳承靜思法脈的精神。在宗教醫院善盡社會責任的歷史回顧中，慈濟各院區都有很好的表現。本研究的目的，即在探討慈濟醫療法人如何落實源自證嚴法師的核心價值與使命，並了解其對慈濟醫院組織文化之影響。再由醫療董事會之結構與運作、志工參與、內部高階主管之投入，綜合了解慈濟醫療法人發展之現況。最後，歸納慈濟醫療法人在實現其核心價值與使命上的主要挑戰，並提出建議，以達成永續發展之目標。期許慈濟醫療體系有穩固的精神理念，發揮宗教情操，善盡醫療「以人為本、尊重生命」的使命，恆久不變質。本研究採質化研究，主要的研究方法是文獻分析法、自我民族誌和深度訪談法等方法，以組織內部高階主管和董事會成員為對象，探討慈濟醫療使命落實及影響永續之策略，俾使探討分析更具深度與廣度。本研究重要發現有：慈濟醫療的核心精神是內修誠正信實、外行慈悲喜捨，慈濟志工是證嚴法師帶給醫療的珍貴資產，而台灣醫療的特色與文化，許多來自證嚴法師的理念與慈濟四大志業的結合，和全球慈濟人共同的付出。本研究從慈濟醫療法人治理面和管理面，提出慈濟醫療法人永續發展策略的建議有：確保慈濟醫療志工為核心力量的永續發展目標，同時增進慈濟人文價值的治理與管理制度，並強化「以戒為制度，以愛為管理」的組織文化，建立契合慈濟醫療人文的績效評估制度與德行兼備的慈濟醫療人才培育制度，持續優化醫療資訊系統與時俱進，刻不容緩。

關鍵字

慈濟醫療；核心價值；組織文化；永續發展；慈濟志工；內部觀點

並列摘要

In 1972, Dharma Master Cheng Yen established a free clinic for the poor under Tzu Chi Merit Society in Hualien. This is the starting of Tzu Chi medical mission. In 1986, Tzu Chi hospital opened for business in Hualien and now Tzu Chi Medical Foundation is a network of seven hospitals and a clinic around Taiwan under the spirit of safeguarding life, health and love. Specialty demonstrated by Tzu Chi Medical Foundation include universal right to health care, diverse volunteers, vegetarian for health promotion, simulation surgery using donated body (also known as silent mentors), Tzu Chi bone marrow registry, free clinics, and international medical outreach while practicing Jing Si Dharma lineage to inspire people. In review of faith-based hospital upholding their social responsibility, every Tzu Chi hospital shows very good performance. This is a qualitative research. The main research methods are document analysis, auto-ethnography and in-depth interviews. This research studies high level management and members of the board of Tzu Chi Medical Foundation to investigate and discuss strategies to implement Tzu Chi medical mission and achieve sustainability in order to provide a deeper and broader analysis. Important findings from this research are as following: core spirits of Tzu Chi are cultivating honesty, righteousness, faith, integrity, and practicing compassion, kindness, joy, and giving; volunteers are inspired by Dharma Master Cheng Yen and precious assets to medical mission; medical mission’s specialty and culture are mainly from concepts of Dharma Master Cheng Yen, supported by global Tzu Chi volunteers, and made possible by the connection between Tzu Chi four missions. This research aims to study how Tzu Chi Medical Foundation implements core values and mission originated from its founder, Dharma Master Cheng Yen, and understand the impacts to its culture. By analyzing structure and operation of its board of directors, volunteer participation, involvement of high level management, this offers a comprehensive overview to current development of Tzu Chi Medical Foundation. Finally, the conclusion summarizes main challenges to Tzu Chi Medical Foundation in realizing its core values and mission and provides suggestions to achieve the goal of sustainable development with hopes that Tzu Chi medical mission will uphold its mission to respect all life and deliver people-oriented health care with a firm spiritual and faith-based principle. May this quality stay true forever. After analyzing management and governance of Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, this research gives the following strategic suggestions for the sustainable development to Tzu Chi Medical Foundation: ensuring the core power of sustainable development goal is volunteers; promoting governance and management policies and procedures based on Tzu Chi humanistic values; enhancing the law-biding organizational culture that also manage with love and care; establishing a performance review practice fitting to Tzu Chi medical values and a human resource development plan focusing on both virtues and skills; and continual improvement of health information system to keep up with the time. These are to deal with pressing issues that require immediate actions.