瓶苗出瓶適期、馴化與環境因子對文心蘭苗生育之研究

The Study on the Optimum Time to Deflask , Acclimatization and Enviromental Factors on the Growth and Development of Oncidium Hybrids Young Plant

李倩妘(Chien-Yun Lee)

指導教授 ： 李哖

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/園藝學研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2004.01697

摘要

本研究主要針對迷你文心蘭瓶苗之株齡、大小、繼代時間及其瓶內CO2濃度變化情形，期望能找出瓶苗最佳出瓶時機的指標。尋找出瓶後最適馴化光度，並比較免賴得和甲殼素藥劑之藥效，以確保瓶苗出瓶後存活率高、生長速率快；探討溫度和光度對迷你文心蘭小苗生長、開花及光合作用之影響。
迷你文心蘭組培苗以瓶苗株高約5cm，具1假球莖且下一代新芽巳萌發的階段出瓶對後續生育情形表現較佳。子瓶之瓶內CO2濃度在暗期高到20000μLL-1，隨瓶苗株齡增加其瓶內CO2濃度隨之下降。Onc. Red Mini和Hwra. Lava Burst 在培植第6個月瓶內CO2濃度維持在5000μLL-1，惟切花用Onc. Gower Ramsey品種於繼代第5個月在光期結束前4小時降至371μLL-1。觀其出瓶後的生育不佳，故建議株齡選4個月且未結假球莖之新芽階段出瓶，以免缺乏CO2而抑制生長。至於Onc. Red Mini和Hwra. Lava Burst於培植第5個月出瓶為宜。
組培苗出瓶後以100μmol•m-2•s-1光度馴化24天較50或200μmol•m-2•s-1光度為宜。高光或溫室者其葉綠素螢光 ( Fv/Fm )值較低，顯示有光抑制現象。出瓶苗株浸於甲殼素的存活率均高，且甲殼素有利出瓶幼苗之生長。
出瓶11和9個月的Onc. Twinkle ‘Fragrance Fantasy’和Onc. Twinkle ‘CT Red Fantasy’小苗，其生長適溫為15~25℃，開花及生育週期以20~25℃宜；出瓶5個月的Onc. Sepia Color小苗則於25℃以上生育較佳，低於15℃其生育遲緩。Onc. Twinkle ‘Fragrance Fantasy’在100~150μmol•m-2•s-1光度下生長及開花品質較佳。在50μmol•m-2•s-1光度下花序萌發率低，但花苞仍可開放，顯示可販售具可見花苞的植株，告之擺設於家中較遮蔭處仍具觀賞品質。而Onc. Sepia Color在150μmol•m-2•s-1光度生長和開花皆佳，若高於250μmol•m-2•s-1光度則有生長遲緩現象。

關鍵字

馴化 ； 甲殼素 ； 光度 ； 溫度

並列摘要

The purpose of this thesis is to decide the best deflasked time , we mainly study on the relationship between plantlet age, size, subculture interval, and the variation of carbon dioxide concentration of Oncidium cultured in vitro. To ensure the high survival rate and growth rate of plantlet after deflasking, we studied on the optimal light intensity of acclimation, and compare the effects of using Benomyl with Chitosan after deflasking. We also discussed the effects of temperature and light intensity on the growth, flowering, and photosynthesis of the Oncidium young plantlet.
The growth was beter when the Oncidium plantlet was about 5 cm in height, with a pseudobulb and the next generation shoot . In dark period, carbon dioxide concentration in vitro was 20000μLL-1, and decreasing with the increasing of the plantlet age in vitro. In the sixth month after 2nd subculture, the carbon dioxide concerntration in vitro of Onc. Red Mini and Hwra. Lava Bust maintained 5000μLL-1. But the carbon dioxide concentration of Onc. Gower Ramsey decreased to 371μLL-1 4 hours before the end of light period in fifth month after 2nd subculture. We observed that the growth of plantlet was bad on this situation, so we suggested choosing four-month-age new shoots without pseudobulb to deflask prevent inhibition on the growth by low carbon dioxide concentration. As to the best deflasked time of Onc. Red Mini and Hwra. Lava Burst was fifth month after 2nd subculture.
After deflasking, the chlorophyll fluorescence value was lower in high light and greenhouse reveals the photoinhibition phenomena. Plantlets soaking in Chitosan had higher survive rate, because Chitosan is benefit to the growth of plantlet.
Onc. Twinkle ‘Fragrance Fantasy’ and Onc. Twinkle ‘CT Red Fantasy’ groew better under 15~25℃, and blooms more under 20~25℃ for 9 and 11 months after deflasking. Onc. Sepia Color grew better above 25℃ for 5 months after deflasking. On the other hand, if the temperature was under 15℃, the growth rate will be retarded. The quality of growing and flowering was better in Onc.Twinkle ‘Fragrance Fantasy’ under 100-150μmol•m-2•s-1. The inflorescence formation rate was low, but flower buds remained the capability of blossom under 50μmol•m-2•s-1. This result showed Onc. Twinkle ‘Fragrance Fantasy’ still had commercial and decoration value in dim place. Onc. Sepia Color grew and flowered better under 150μmol•m-2•s-1, and showed growth retard phenomena above 150μmol•m-2•s-1.

並列關鍵字

temperature ； chitosan ； acclimatization ； light

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