營建專案排程土建與機電系統關連研究-以梯廳工程為例

A Research of the Correlations between Civil and HVAC Systems in Construction Project Scheduling - Elevator Construction

林明煌(Ming-Huang Lin)

指導教授 ： 曾惠斌

國立臺灣大學/工學院/土木工程學研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2011.02945

摘要

建築工程依不同功能需求有住宅、辦公大樓及廠房等區分。施工團隊於建築專案執行過程中，一般分為土建工程及機電工程兩大類，二者各自以專業不同工種及工班所組成，依據不同施工特性及進場時間相互關聯，進而影響整個專案。由於各建築專案設計理念及產品定位並不盡相同，所以建築施工管理皆有其獨特性，難以工序標準化、排程統一化。目前專案施工排程多以施工經驗做為工序判斷基準，若施工經驗無法適用，使得界面無法結合，可能因先作先贏心態造成工序錯亂等延誤工期之狀況產生。此外，在大多數的專案中，土建與機電排程並非同時顯現於排程表內，而是將機電的工項隱藏於土建的排程中，若無適當的管理機制，更易造成工序的混亂。
本研究以建築之梯廳工程為案例討論對象，應用文獻回顧、專家訪談、工地調查，來重新檢討與分析建築專案過程中土建與機電各自應有的排程工項、以及土建與機電工程進度間的排程關係。接著利用MicroSoft Project排程軟體，將案例梯廳工程建立合理的土建與機電統合排程。最後，將案例梯廳工程建構三維度圖形模型（3D），並賦予施工管理資訊，透過四維視覺化軟體形成四維度模型（4D），來檢核其工序統合排程之正確性，其結果可為爾後修改衝突工序之參考。
由於整個專案中機電與土建關係交錯、繁瑣及複雜，工地為順利完成專案任務，大多依賴具現場經驗機電工程人員擔任進度表管控工作。本研究成果將提供予未來工程人員（尤其是非有足夠排程經驗之工程人員），能依照本研究建議的分析方式及步驟，來合理並有效率的排定土建、機電工程整合進度表，以減少工序錯誤所導致的工程弊病，進而有效控管工程進度的品質。

關鍵字

排程 ； 機電 ； 三維圖形 ； 四維視覺化

並列摘要

Building projects can be divided into residence, office and factory according to their functionalities. Construction teams are organized to complete the two major tasks of the projects: civil work and HVAC. These two tasks are finished by the general contractors and their subcontractors. Since the teams involved in the projects are numerous, the interface problem between the contractors of civil work and HVAC becomes a critical issue in the construction phase and affects the progress of the project. Due to the uniqueness of each project in design and construction methods, there are no standard scheduling rules or processes to be followed. In current practice, the quality of scheduling is based on engineers’ experiences. If the experience cannot be delivered from project to project, a mis-order work schedule might happen and result to progress delay. In addition, HVAC activities are embedded in the civil activities in most cases. Appropriate management mechanism is desirable to handle the interference problems..
The objective of this research is trying to reduce the probability of mis-order scheduling. Elevator construction is taken as a case study to develop the civil and HVAC scheduling guidelines. Through literature review, interview with practitioners, and site investigation, the necessary activities for civil and HVAC scheduling are identified respectively and an ideal schedule is suggested. Then a 4D model is developed based on the ideal schedule to check if this schedule is really “appropriate”.
The ideal activities of civil work and HVAC identified for elevator construction and the guidelines for simultaneous civil and HVAC scheduling can contribute to the engineers with little scheduling experience. Following the steps, the efficiency of civil and HVAC scheduling and the quality of the project management can be improved.

並列關鍵字

scheduling ； HVAC scheduling ； three-dimensional graphics ； four-dimensional visualization

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