蕭紅小說的敘事研究

Xiao Hong’s Narrative Arc: Development and Importance

畢靜翰(John Barthelette)

指導教授 ： 何寄彭

國立臺灣大學/文學院/中國文學研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2012.10899

摘要

關於蕭紅小説的評價，討論者往往讚賞其作品純真自然，但也困惑其文類界線的模糊，究竟該被歸類為小説、散文或詩歌，衆説紛紜。本論文企圖以敘事學的角度分析蕭紅的小説，探索蕭紅的作品為何如此獨特。
　　欲深入解析蕭紅的小說創作，無法忽略蕭紅作品的敘事發展，在進行敍事分析之前，必須先行瞭解當時的文壇背景與敍事傳統，以及蕭紅個人的寫作角度。因此在解釋蕭紅與敍事傳統的關係時，本論文將以哈羅德•布魯姆（Harold Bloom）之「影響的焦慮」切入探討蕭紅的敘事手法，與影響其甚深的「民俗文化」。
　　在蕭紅的小説當中，「民俗文化」扮演十分重要的角色，這也是蕭紅得以避免陷入模仿之窠臼的原因，同時又有助於幫助蕭紅表達她最真實的心境。這股力量融合東、西方的敍事傳統，成為蕭紅小說的敍事過程中，重要的內涵與文學生命的源頭。
　　蕭紅的小説以循環為基礎，不間斷的循環為其敘事的基調，甚至以循環的方式往前推進，然而在峰迴路轉之後又回到了原點。在蕭紅試著透過敍事瞭解自己的人生時，她的小説敍事先是幫助她遠走他鄉，到最後又幫她返回呼蘭河，更讓她瞭解並接受自己的過去，本論文的目的便在描述及詮釋此敍事過程。

關鍵字

蕭紅 ； 黑龍江 ； 影響的焦慮 ； 《呼蘭河傳》 ； 民間文化

並列摘要

Xiao Hong’s novels are often cited as pure and simple in content, yet inscrutable in structure, being at once novels, essays, and songs. This thesis uses narrative analysis to work from this supposition and discover the exact reasons for the unique qualities of Xiao Hong’s narrative.
The development of Xiao Hong’s narrative arc is key to discovering the importance of her writing; however analysis cannot take place prior to a literary triangulation and an understanding of the trajectory from which Xiao Hong’s writings proceed. Accordingly, Harold Bloom’s anxiety of influence plays an important role is explicating Xiao Hong’s relationship with her own narrative and the traditions which surround her, as well as the force which propels her forward: the power of folk culture.
Folk culture is a potent force in Xiao Hong’s novels which allows her to avoid the many pitfalls of imitation and influence, as well as allowing her to connect to her subject in a very deep way. This force is embodied through the fusion of eastern and western narrative traditions, and expressed within the narrative structure of Xiao Hong’s novels.
Xiao Hong’s novels are based on a recursive format, wherein the narration folds back upon itself, an endless series of circles within circles gyrating to a conclusion which is its very own point of origin. As Xiao Hong attempts to understand her life through narrative, her narrative at first takes her away from her homeland before finally returning her to Hulan River and acceptance of her past. This thesis attempts to illustrate and explain this narrative process.

並列關鍵字

Xiao Hong ； Heilongjiang ； The Anxiety of Influence ； 《Tales of Hulan River》 ； Folk Culture

參考文獻

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Bakhtin, M.M. Michael Holquist ed., The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1981)

Bloom, Harold, The Anxiety of Influence: A Theory of Poetry (New York: Oxford University Press, 1973)

Chow, Tse-Tung, The May Fourth Movement: Intellectual Revolution in Modern China (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1960)