虛擬實境之氣動形變觸覺介面設計

Design of Shape-changing Haptic Interfaces Using Pneumatic Actuation for Virtual Reality

鄧善元(Shan-Yuan Teng)

指導教授 ： 陳炳宇

國立臺灣大學/電機資訊學院/資訊網路與多媒體研究所/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201801157

摘要

虛擬實境中感受抓握物體的觸覺能夠增強身歷其近的感受，以及讓操作物體更為容易。過去研究多重視於手指力回饋，然而抓握物體立體形狀需要整隻手的觸覺感受。在這篇論文中，我們提出利用氣動產生形變的穿戴式觸覺介面，稱之為 Pop-up Prop on Palm (PuPoP)。PuPoP 為穿戴在手掌上之輕量充氣形狀介面，能夠充氣成不同定義之形狀供使用者抓握。當使用者的手靠近虛擬物體時，手上之對應的氣袋將會被空氣幫浦充氣，讓使用者能夠抓握；而當使用者不需要這個物體時，氣袋會消氣。由於 PuPoP 是實體的物件，可以提供完整的觸覺回饋，增強操作物體的真實感。本文探索該介面之不同形狀結構的設計與實作，並進行使用者研究了解其應用度。第一個使用者研究探討當視覺與觸覺衝突時，使用者的認知會由視覺主導，使得一個氣袋能夠表達相似大小的虛擬物體。第二個使用者研究比較該介面與市面上普遍使用之控制手把與手勢追蹤操作，結果發現能夠動態改變形狀之 PuPoP 可以顯著提升樂趣度與物體真實度。本文最後討論此介面之限制與未來發展。

關鍵字

觸覺 ； 虛擬實境 ； 氣袋 ； 形狀介面

並列摘要

Feeling the shape when grasping an object in Virtual Reality (VR) enhances the sense of presence and the ease of object manipulation. Though most prior works focus on force feedback of fingers, haptic emulation of grasping 3D shape requires touch sensation of whole hand. Hence, we present Pop-up Prop on Palm (PuPoP), a light-weight pneumatic shape-proxy interface worn on palm that pops up several airbags with predefined primitive shapes for grasping. When a user's hand encounters a virtual object, an airbag of appropriate shape would be inflated by air pumps ready for grasping; on the other hand, the airbag flattens when the object is dismissed. Since PuPoP is a physical prop, it can provide full sensation of touch to enhance realism for object manipulation. We first explored the design and implementation of PuPoP with multiple shape structures. We then conducted two user studies to further understand its applicability. The first study show that, when in conflict, visual sensation tends to dominate over touch sensation, allowing a prop with fixed size to represent multiple virtual objects with similar sizes. The second study compared PuPoP with controllers and free-hand manipulation in two VR applications. The results suggest that holding dynamically-changing PuPoP in line with the shapes of virtual objects enhances enjoyment and realism. We believe PuPoP is a simple yet effective way to convey haptic shapes in VR.

並列關鍵字

Haptics ； Virtual Reality ； Airbag ； Shape-Proxy

參考文獻

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