電磁驅動式聚合酶連鎖反應微晶片系統之開發

Development of Polymerase Chain Reaction Microchip Driven by Electromagnetic Force

楊勝安(Sheng-An Yang)

指導教授 ： 楊燿州

國立臺灣大學/工學院/機械工程學研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2008.02603

摘要

本研究開發了一個新型的電磁驅動式聚合酶連鎖反應(PCR)微晶片系統，整個系統體積為67mm x 66mm x 25mm，僅手掌般大小，包括所有的控制電路、微加熱器、微溫度感測器與流體驅動元件，可謂是令人耳目一新的生醫晶片(biochip)系統元件。
　　本研究採用微機電(MEMS)技術製程製作玻璃基材與SU-8流道母模，再透過PDMS翻模技術與氧氣電漿接合製作微流道，並使用印刷電路板與積體電路組成控制系統，系統的主結構則是以壓克力為材料，雷射切割而成。本研究採用繼電器作為驅動元件，繼電器是藉由電磁力驅動，可透過電流的通過來改變機械結構的切換，藉此特性將液體反覆推向不同溫度的腔體，達成PCR所需之溫度循環。由於本研究將包含微加熱器與微溫度感測器的玻璃基材與微流道兩者設計為可拆式，所以每次在使用上僅需更換微流道的部分，達成低成本、可拋棄式的耗材。在溫度恆溫控制上，將比例積分微分(PID)程式寫入微處理器中做溫度控制，並使用紅外線測溫槍監控腔體溫度一段時間，確定溫度被確實掌控；溫度均勻性的分佈，則使用紅外線熱像儀做驗證。本研究開發之晶片所需的PCR反應時間，從商用機器的2個多小時縮減至50分鐘內；所需之DNA樣本溶液也從商用機器的25μL減少到只需8μL。由實驗結果顯示，本研究開發之PCR晶片系統成功整合所有的元件，可達成PCR反應，並有效縮減商用機器所需之時間與DNA樣本溶液的使用量。

關鍵字

聚合酶連鎖反應 ； 生醫晶片 ； 微機電技術 ； SU-8 ； PDMS ； 繼電器

並列摘要

In this work, we develop a novel polymerase chain reaction (PCR) chip in which liquid is driven by electromagnetic actuators. The size of the self-contained system, which comprises the control circuit, micro-heaters, micro-temperature sensors and pumping components, is 67mm x 66mm x 25mm. A glass substrate, on which heaters and temperature sensors were implemented, was fabricated by MEMS technology. PDMS microfluidic structures were fabricated using the soft lithography technique. Each PDMS structure was bonded to a cover glass after oxygen plasma treatment. Various PMMA plates, which were machined by a laser cutting tool, were assembled to create the main structure of the system. In the PCR system, there are three chambers which were maintained at different temperatures by using the PID control algorithm for amplifying DNA. The actuators push DNA sample fluids from one chamber to the other. Compared with previous works, the new chip is more compact in size, and does not require any external extra equipment for driving the fluids, except a tiny 5V power adaptor. Also, the developed system has the capability to randomly adjust time ratios and cycle numbers depending on the PCR process. Besides, the method of the new chip is consistent with users’ habit. Furthermore, in contrast with the conventional PCR machine which needs at least 25μL sample and 150 minutes, this new chip only needs 8μL sample and less than 50 minutes for a whole PCR process.

並列關鍵字

polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ； biochip ； MEMS ； SU-8 ； PDMS ； relay

參考文獻

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