口腔習癖對孩童及青少年的上顎型態以及唾液微生物相之相關性研究

The Associations between Oral Habits and the Maxillary Morphology and Salivary Microbiota among Children and Young Adolescents

林紓君(Shu-chun Lin)

指導教授 ： 林俊彬

共同指導教授 ： 王姻麟(Yin-lin Wang)

國立臺灣大學/醫學院/臨床牙醫學研究所/碩士(2021年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202101867

摘要

本臨床研究的目的在於檢視目前兒童及青少年的口腔習癖對上顎型態所造成的影響，並且也對當代台灣的兒童及青少年的唾液微生物相做初步的探究。兒童及青少年成長的過程中，除了基因的影響以外，環境因素也至關重要。人體各部位的微生物相相關研究，亦已確認人體中的共生微生物相對於個體生長、生理機能以及疾病發生的過程，都有重要的影響。目前針對台灣孩童的口腔習癖對於顏面部發育的影響尚無相關的臨床研究，並且對台灣孩童及青少年的唾液微生物相的研究亦付之闕如。本研究採取橫斷面研究，從兒童牙科矯正門診募集60名孩童或青少年，運用問卷收集生活習慣以及口腔習癖等資訊，臨床檢查口腔疾病，並且將齒列石膏模型進行掃描以及數位型態量測跟咬合分析。另一方面蒐集孩童的唾液，進行16S rRNA 基因定序，對唾液中的細菌微生物相做判定。模型的量測數據經過各項口腔習癖分組並加以統計分析比較;而唾液微生物相則是參考臨床疾病、口腔習癖、生活習慣進行分組，並比較微生物相的結構差異，並且進一步找尋唾液中可能與疾病或習癖相關的生物指標。本研究的結果呈現出口腔習癖與上顎型態有相關性，並且唾液微生物相與口腔疾病及生活型態亦極可能有關聯，在本實驗中亦已針對台灣孩童及青少年族群的口腔疾病找出可能的關鍵生物指標菌種。將來可以針對生物指標菌種可能的病理機轉作更進一步的探討。

關鍵字

唾液微生物相 ； 口腔習癖 ； 口腔疾病 ； 顱顏部發育

並列摘要

The purpose of this clinical study is to investigate the impact of oral habits on maxillary growth and to characterize the salivary microbiome of Taiwanese children and adolescents. The growth is influenced by genetic factors and environmental factors, such as myofunctional habits. Recent studies on human microbiota revealed that the commensal bacteria also play an important role in the growth, physiological function, and disease pathology. At present, the clinical research on the influence of oral habits on craniofacial development and the probe into the salivary microbiome in Taiwanese children and adolescents is still lacking. Our study adopted a cross-sectional design, and 60 children or adolescents from the orthodontic examination in the pediatric dentistry department were recruited. We used questionnaires to collect information on lifestyle and oral habits, examined for oral diseases, digitally analyzed the dental plaster model for the morphological perimeters. Meanwhile, children’s saliva was collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing to look into the microbiota. The data of perimeters were statistically analyzed with clinical variables; while the salivary microbiota is analyzed regarding the clinical diseases, oral habits, and daily habits. The structural differences of the microbiota were compared, and the search for possible biomarkers related to diseases or habits was conducted. The results of our study showed that oral habits were correlated to the maxillary morphology and that the saliva microbiota was correlated to oral diseases and lifestyles. The biomarkers noted in our study can be the advanced research topic of the etiology of oral diseases.

並列關鍵字

salivary microbiota ； oral habits ； oral diseases ； maxillary dimensions

參考文獻

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