不眠：臺灣現代主義小說的夜晚書寫──以白先勇、李渝、七等生作品為例

本文以白先勇、李渝、七等生作品的夜晚書寫為考察對象，探討三位現代主義世代小說家如何去描寫夜晚的時空感受，以及如何從夜晚的經驗中思索自身存在的本真性。現代主義作為臺灣戰後60年代興起的文學運動，揭示了文學創作對外部歷史時空的回應與內在語言形式的轉向，作家對於人性幽暗面的挖掘，與對所感知的現代性經驗的捕抓，成為現代主義文學的鮮明特質。在此之中，時間作為現代主義小說中重要的題材，所涉及的不僅為經驗層面，更是美學層面的議題，如何去再現時間經驗以及思索人與時間的關係，成為本文欲探討的重點。白先勇、李渝、七等生為臺灣現代主義文學系譜中具代表性的作家，三者對於現代主義美學理念的護守，與各自佔據的迥異創作位置，致使他們筆下的夜晚蘊含豐富多變的面貌。本文嘗試以文本分析方式出發，探究三位作家小說中夜晚的美學風格與時空意識，並將之與西方現代性啟蒙論述中夜晚被賦予的象徵意涵進行對話。本文指出，臺灣現代主義小說中的夜晚經驗涉及相當多元的面向，其中包含愛欲、瘋狂、抒情、自我本真與藝術靈光等內涵，除卻呼應不同作家對自身生命記憶乃至於國族歷史的挖掘，也揭露小說家對於西方現代性時間的反思。在以夜晚作為個體逾越理性常規的時空的書寫基底上，白先勇、李渝與七等生以夜晚的朦朧幽暗，隱匿與釋放自我內在生命的綺想，並建立起白日與夜晚對立的時空秩序。夜晚於焉不僅作為推動敘事的小說部件，更反映出臺灣現代主義小說中獨特的夜之美學精神。

關鍵字

臺灣現代主義小說；時空；夜晚書寫；白先勇；李渝；七等生

並列摘要

This paper focuses on the nocturnal writing of Pai Hsien-Yung, Lee Yu, and Qi Deng-Sheng’s novels, discussing how the three Taiwanese modernist writers express their sense of time and space of the night, and how they perceive the authenticity of self-being through nocturnal experience. Taking place in 1960s Taiwan after World War II, the Modernist literary movement revealed the response to the external historical environment and the diversion of the internal language form of literary composition. The subtle excavation of the dark side of humanity and the capture of the perceivable modernity experience have become the distinct features of modernist literature. Among the characteristics, “time” has served as an important topic of modernist fiction, which involves both empirical and aesthetical issues. The question of how to represent and understand the relationship between humans and time has thus become the main point of this paper. Pai Hsien-Yung, Lee Yu, and Qi Deng-Sheng are three representative writers in the pedigree of Taiwan modernist literature. Their persistence of modernist aesthetics and their different literary position have endowed their nocturnal writings with rich faces. By analyzing the characteristics of the texts and comparing the symbolic meaning of night with those in the Western modern enlightenment discourse, this paper points out the diversity of nocturnal experience of Taiwan modernist novels. The nocturnal experience includes topics such as desire, madness, lyric, self-authenticity, etc., which not only responds to the writers’ excavation of their life experience and national memories, but also reveals their reflection of Western modern time. Night has served as a space-time at which an individual oversteps rationality and releases the imagination of inner life. Accordingly, this paper aims to discover the distinctiveness of the nocturnal narrative and to show the abundant features of the nighttime in Taiwanese modernist novels.