台灣北部地區人類B群及C群輪狀病毒血清流行病學研究

Seroepidemiology of Human Group B and Group C Rotavirus in North Taiwan

朱莉(Li Chu)

指導教授 ： 李君男

國立臺灣大學/醫學院/醫學檢驗暨生物技術學研究所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2007.10576

摘要

輪狀病毒是造成世界各地嬰幼兒病毒性急性腸胃炎的首要病因。依據病毒之VP6蛋白質，可將輪狀病毒分成 A-G 七群，目前已知會感染人類之輪狀病毒為A、B、C群。根據國外的研究報告指出，B、C群輪狀病毒主要感染對象為成人，而成人腹瀉時往往不會收集糞便送檢，因此欲研究B、C群輪狀病毒在台灣的感染狀況，在檢體取得上相當不易。
2003年本實驗室於台大醫院的輪狀病毒陽性糞便臨床檢體中，由RNA電泳之核酸分布型態發現了三株C群輪狀病毒。為進一步了解C群輪狀病毒在台灣的感染情況，今利用血清流行病學的方式進行研究。本研究所使用的抗原為利用重組桿狀病毒所表現之輪狀病毒VP6蛋白質，由於桿狀病毒的宿主為無脊椎動物，通常不會與人類血清產生交叉反應，適合用於表現血清學研究時所需的抗原。
為了解C群輪狀病毒抗體陽性率分布狀況，使用酵素連結吸附實驗偵測1376個血清檢體，這些檢體於2006年採取，是隨機選自台北縣市不同地區，並考慮性別以及各年齡層分布之平均，當 cut-off 值為 mean + 2 SD 時，總陽性率為 34.5 %；cut-off 值為 mean + 3 SD 時，總陽性率為 27.2 %，以此兩種 cut-off 值進行分析時，發現： ( 1 ) 隨著年齡層的增加，OD值及陽性率皆有上升的趨勢；( 2 ) 性別與陽性率無顯著相關 ( p = 0.936 )；( 3 ) 人口密度低之地區相較於人口密度高之地區，陽性率較高，且具顯著意義 ( p<0.05 )，顯示都會地區的血清較少存在針對C群輪狀病毒之抗體；( 4 ) 家畜密度高之地區相較於家畜密度低之地區，陽性率較高，且具顯著意義 ( p<0.05 )，顯示血清中針對C群輪狀病毒之抗體存在與否可能與家畜接觸有關。
在篩檢B群輪狀病毒抗體方面，本研究使用的是西方墨點法，隨機選取2006年台北縣市各年齡層及性別分布相近之檢體共 427 個，實驗結果發現只有6個檢體呈現陽性反應，陽性率為 1.41 %。

關鍵字

輪狀病毒 ； B群 ； C群 ； 血清學 ； 病毒蛋白質 VP6 ； 桿狀病毒表現系統 ； 酵素連結免疫吸附實驗

並列摘要

Rotavirus is one of the most important agents of acute infantile gastroenteritis. Rotaviruses have been classified into seven groups ( A to G ) on the basis of VP6. Group B and C are known to be able to infect human, especially adults. It is difficult to study the epidemiology of group B and C rotaviruses because adults seldom visit doctors and sand their stool samples for diarrheal illness.
In 2003, our laboratory found 3 cases of group C rotavirus, according to RNA PAGE pattern, from National Taiwan University Hospital. In this study, antibodies to group C rotavirus were detected in different populations in Taiwan. Recombinant VP6 expressed from baculovirus was used as the antigen for ELISA test to detect the antibodies to group C rotavirus.
For detection of antibodies to group C rotavirus 1376 serum samples collected in 2006 were random by selected, genders and age groups were evenly distributed. When cut-off value was set as the mean + 2 SD, the antibody positive rate was 34.5 %; when cut-off value was set as the mean + 3 SD, the antibodies positive rate was 27.2 %. We found that ( 1 ) OD values and the positive rates were increasing with age increasing; ( 2 ) there was no apparent difference between male and female ( p = 0.936 ); ( 3 ) the positive rates of regions with density of human population was higher than region with high density of human population ( p < 0.05 ); ( 4 ) the positive rates of region with high density of livestock population was higher than regions with low density of livestock population ( p<0.05 ), perhaps the chance of contact with livestock made the difference.
To screen the antibodies to group B rotavirus, Western blot assay was used. Only 6 samples were positive after detection of 427 serum samples collected from Taipei in 2006, the positive rate was 1.41 %.

並列關鍵字

rotavirus ； group B ； group C ； seroepidemiology ； VP6 protein ； baculovirus expression ； ELISA

參考文獻

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