探討菁英手槍射擊選手與初階射擊選手在射擊表現參數、平衡參數、以及區域核心肌群參數上的差異

The differences in shooting parameters, balance performance, and local core muscle parameters between elite air pistol shooters and novice shooters

馬煥竣(Huan-Chiun Mah)

指導教授 ： 趙遠宏

國立臺灣大學/醫學院/物理治療學研究所/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202200846

摘要

研究背景：手槍射擊屬於精準型運動，運動表現較不受體型限制，適合亞洲國家發展，亦為臺灣2024奧運重點奪牌項目之一。十米手槍射擊是需要高度精準度與維持靜態平衡穩定性的運動項目，如何透過科學化訓練，進一步提升射擊選手競技實力與國際競爭力，是目前相當重要的課題。
研究目的：本研究目的是探討菁英射擊選手以及初階射擊選手在射擊表現、射擊參數、區域核心肌肉參數、靜態站姿穩定性、和功能性平衡測試上的差異，以及實驗參數之間的關聯性，從而找到影響射擊表現最關鍵的因素，並在未來以科學化訓練的方式強化基層選手的能力。
研究方法：研究設計是觀察型實驗。實驗收入之受試者年齡介於15歲至50歲之間的射擊選手，並依照射擊成績將射擊選手分為初階選手組與菁英選手組，共收入30人。透過最新的射擊模擬器、力板、Y平衡測試、以及攜帶式超音波，來測量選手的射擊表現、射擊量化參數、平衡能力表現、以及腹橫肌收縮參數。後續使用統計軟體分析兩組選手在這些實驗參數上的差異，並探討參數之間的關聯性。
研究結果：菁英選手組的槍支移動速度以及軀幹穩定性顯著地比初階選手更加穩定；兩組選手在Y平衡測試參數以及腹橫肌參數上皆無顯著差異。軀幹在前後、左右方向的穩定性皆會影響槍支穩定性與射擊表現。Y平衡測試參數、區域核心肌肉參數、與壓力中心穩定性無顯著關聯性。
結論：手槍射擊的運動表現與平衡表現較不受體型影響。槍支穩定性與軀幹穩定性皆是影響射擊表現的重要因子；區域核心肌群在射擊選手中扮演的角色尚未釐清。綜合上述結果，未來的目標若是提升基層選手的運動表現，進行上肢穩定性訓練或是軀幹穩定性訓練應該都能達到訓練效果。

關鍵字

手槍射擊 ； 核心穩定性 ； 槍支穩定性 ； 腹橫肌 ； Y平衡測試

並列摘要

Research background: Air pistol shooting is a high-precision sport, unlike other competitive sports, shooting performance is less restricted by athletic body type. Taiwan's air pistol shooters had an incredible performance in Tokyo 2020 Olympics, and we are aiming for a win in the 2024 Olympics. Gun stability and aiming accuracy were known as the key factors which influence the performance. So far, the importance of core stability hasn't been investigated among air pistol shooters. We are aiming to investigate the other key factors which might influence shooting performance.
Study purpose: The purpose of this research is to investigate the differences in shooting performance, gun stability, core muscle thickness changes, and balance performance between the elite shooters and the novice shooters; The new information in this study is the correlation between static balance stability, dynamic balance stability, local core muscle parameters, and shooting parameters will be investigated.
Method: This study design is an observational experiment. Air pistol shooters aged 15 - 50 years old will be recruited in this study. Participants will be divided into novice shooters group and national level shooters group. We recruited 15 novice shooters and 15 elite shooters. We are using the latest version of Scatt shooting simulators, force plates, Y balance test equipment, and portable ultrasound device to collect the experimental parameters, which included shooting performance, gun stability, balance performance, and local muscle thickness changes parameters. Independent T-test will be used to analyze the difference between the two groups.
Result: Elite shooters had significantly better static balance stability and pistol stability compared to novice shooters. There was no significant difference between the two groups on dynamic balance performance and local core muscle parameters. The Centre of pressure parameters on the anteroposterior and medial-lateral direction were both positively correlated with gun movement velocity, and negatively correlated with shooting score. Y balance test performance wasn’t correlated to static balance stability.
Conclusion: The stability of the gun is the key factor that affects shooting performance. The torso stability is more of an indirect factor affecting shooting performance. Therefore, in the future, improving the stability of upper limbs might be more effective in improving novice shooters' shooting performance.

並列關鍵字

Air pistol shooting ； Core stability ； Gun stability ； Transversus abdominis ； Y balance test

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