王陽明思想研究—以「生」為進路

中國哲學之儒、釋、道，皆可稱之為「實踐哲學」，在中國則是以生命理想(倫理學)之實踐為主要呈現。實踐不只是日常之「實現」之涵義，實踐包含了實踐對象、實踐主體、實踐內容、實踐過程及實踐方法，實踐不只是一個行為，其本身更具含目的。王陽明一生之志業實將儒家讀書人的兩大理想「內聖」與「外王」充分體現，可謂達到「立德、立言、立功」的境界。過去學者對王陽明思想理論之研究可謂豐富，然對其志業事功之探討則仍有待更多的投入，因此本文以王陽明在外王事功上之實踐為研究主軸、以其思想義理之爬疏為輔，以「生」為進路，來建構王陽明實踐哲學之架構與內涵。本文共分為六章論述，第一章緒論，針對題旨說明、研究動機、研究方法與研究回顧，作一簡要之敘述。第二章說明「生」，探討「生」的核心義理，從思想源起、歷史發展，梳理出生生之德思想的脈絡。第三章說明「生存義」、王陽明的軍事實踐、結語。第四章說明「生活義」、王陽明的政經實踐、結語。第五章說明「生命義」、王陽明的教育實踐、王陽明的思想學說、結語。最後第六章為本文的結論，總結本文所論述之各項觀點與本論文之限制及發展期許。本論文研究的旨趣在於以「生」為進路，試圖以「生」之架構出一體系來探究陽明思想的內涵，進一步提高以「生」作為陽明思想詮釋進路之可能，並由此建構以「生」為主的思想體系軌跡考察，明揭「生生之德」於陽明思想中所扮演的角色與意義，可以更清楚了解到陽明思想的價值所在與時代意義。

關鍵字

王陽明；進路；生生之德；生存；生活；生命

並列摘要

The Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism of Chinese philosophy can all be called "practical philosophy." In China, the practice of life ideals (ethics) is the main presentation. Practice is not just the meaning of daily "realization." Practice includes the object of practice, the subject of practice, the content of practice, the process of practice, and the method of practice. Practice is not just an act, it has a purpose in itself. Wang Yangming’s life’s ambitions have fully embodied the two ideals of Confucian scholars, "inner sage" and "outer king," and it can be said to have reached the realm of "dedication, proposition and merit". In the past, scholars have done a lot of research on Wang Yangming’s thoughts and theories, but there is still a need for more investment in the discussion of Wang Yangming’s work. Therefore, this article focuses on Wang Yangming’s practice on Wang Yangming’s work and its rationale Supplemented by climbing and sparse, using "life" as the approach to construct the structure and connotation of Wang Yangming's practical philosophy. This article is divided into six chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, which gives a brief description of the topic description, research motivation, research methods and research review. The second chapter explains "birth", discusses the core principles of "birth", from the origin of thought and historical development, and combs the thread of the thought of birth virtue. Chapter Three explains the "meaning of survival", Wang Yangming's military practice, and the conclusion. The fourth chapter explains "life meaning", Wang Yangming's political and economic practice, and conclusion. Chapter 5 explains the "meaning of life", Wang Yangming's educational practice, Wang Yangming's ideology, and conclusion. Finally, Chapter 6 is the conclusion of this article, summarizing the various viewpoints discussed in this article and the limitations and development expectations of this article. The purpose of the research in this thesis is to take "sheng" as the approach, and try to explore the connotation of Yangming's thought with the structure of "sheng", and to further improve the possibility of using "sheng" as the approach of Yangming's thought, and thus construct a system based on "sheng". The trajectory of the thought system based on "life" reveals the role and meaning of "the virtue of life" in Yangming's thought, and can more clearly understand the value of Yangming's thought and the significance of the times.