使用環保溶劑溶解聚甲基丙烯酸乙酯進行靜電紡絲製備次微米纖維之研究

Use of environmentally friendly solvents to dissolve poly(ethyl methacrylate) for preparing submicron fibers by electrospinning

李祥雲(Hsiang-Yun Lee)

指導教授 ： 張朝欽

淡江大學/工學院/化學工程與材料工程學系碩士班/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2020.00160

摘要

傳統用來溶解疏水性高分子進行靜電紡絲製程的溶劑，如二氯甲烷、氯仿、二甲基甲醯胺、甲苯等，對環境及健康的危害性高，多數受行政院環境保護署公告列管，尋求較無害及環保的溶劑為重要課題。
本研究以環保溶劑溶解聚甲基丙烯酸乙酯(poly(ethylmethacrylate), PEMA)，以靜電紡絲製備疏水性高分子次微米纖維。研究中分為以異丙醇/水共溶劑、1-甲氧基-2-丙醇溶劑溶解PEMA進行電紡實驗。異丙醇和水不能單獨溶解疏水性的高分子，研究中使用不同異丙醇/水比例的共溶劑溶解PEMA溶液，期望本研究之系統及製程能達到永續環保的特點。
配置的溶液加熱攪拌溶解並冷卻至室溫持續攪拌，選擇在連續攪拌第三天黏度穩定時作為實驗的製程，先利用ne值對濃度作圖與比黏度對濃度之對數作圖預測電紡情況，再於室溫下進行靜電紡絲實驗。研究中改變靜電紡絲製程條件，瞭解不同變因（濃度、溶劑比例、電壓、工作距離、流速等）對紡出纖維型態的影響。在適當的條件下可得完全纖維型態，纖維以掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察後計算得直徑約為0.9 μm~ 4.5 μm，對水的接觸角可大於130°，具疏水性。紡絲成品使用FTIR-ATR、TGA、DSC進行結構及熱性質分析。

關鍵字

靜電紡絲 ； 聚甲基丙烯酸乙酯 ； 環保溶劑 ； 共溶劑 ； 疏水性

並列摘要

Solvents commonly used to dissolve hydrophobic polymers for electrospinning processes are dichloromethane, chloroform, dimethylformamide, toluene, etc. They are harmful to the environment and health, thus most of them are under monitoring and inspection by Environmental Protection Administration of Taiwan. It is an important issue to search for harmless and environmentally friendly solvents.
In this study, poly(ethylmethacrylate), (PEMA) was dissolved in environmentally friendly solvent or cosolvent, such as 2-propanol/water, 1-methoxy-2-propanol to prepare submicron fibers by electrospinning. 2-Propanol and water cannot dissolve hydrophobic polymers, thus cosolvents with different ratios were used to prepare PEMA solutions. It is expected that the system and process of this study can achieve sustainable environmental protection.
The polymer solutions were heated and stirred for 6 hours, and stirred continuously at room temperature for 3 days. Then, the solutions were electrospun at room temperature. Two methods, the graph of ne value versus the concentration and the specific viscosity versus the logarithm of the concentration were employed to predict the electrospinning situation. The electrospinning process conditions (concentration, solvent ratio, voltage, working distance, flow rate, etc.) were changed to understand the influence of different variables on fiber types and diameters. Under appropriate conditions, defect-free fibers can be obtained. Fibers diameter are calculated to be about 0.9 μm~ 4.5 μm after observation through a scanning electron microscope. Electrospun fiber membranes were superb hydrophobicly with contact angles more than 130°. The structural and thermal properties were analyzed by FTIR (ATR), TGA, and DSC.

並列關鍵字

electrospinning ； poly(ethylmethacrylate) ； environmentally friendly solvents ； cosolvents ； hydrophobic

參考文獻

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