鋼建築結構之最經濟設計模式

Study on the most economical configuration of Steel Building Structures

羅婉毓(Wan-Yu Lo)

指導教授 ： 葉怡成 ； 高金盛

淡江大學/工學院/土木工程學系碩士班/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2020.00230

摘要

隨著科技日新月異的進步及經濟的快速發展，在傳統工程設計實務上，鋼結構的使用日益顯著，但由於鋼結構材料比起鋼筋混凝土的成本來的高上許多，因此，減少鋼材料的使用量十分重要。在過去的40年中，已廣泛採用各種類型的優化方法來減少所使用的耗材。然而目前大多數的工程師仍然使用結構分析程式來進行結構分析、設計、驗證，以及再分析、再設計、再驗證，並未廣泛使用最佳化方法，主要的原因是過去的最佳化方法過於複雜、繁瑣。
因此本文採用簡易可行的啟發式迭代法來優化設計。本文首先針對不同受力狀況之鋼桿件斷面，以搜尋法探討建立一維桿件斷面尺寸之最經濟設計模式；再以ETABS軟體分析，配合啟發式迭代法探討二維鋼構架之最佳化分析模式；最後再進一步配合啟發式迭代法探討三維鋼結構之最佳化分析模式。此外，本文也探討最經濟之鋼結構建築幾何配置，包含最經濟跨度、最經濟層高之設計，來進行鋼建築結構最佳化設計模式，藉以大幅的減少建築結構之鋼材料使用量。研究結果顯示，利用本論文建立之啟發式迭代最佳化分析模式，可獲得較經濟之鋼建築結構設計。

關鍵字

鋼結構 ； 最佳化設計 ； 啟發式迭代法 ； 搜尋法

並列摘要

With the rapid progress of science and technology and the rapid development of economy, the use of steel structures has become increasingly significant in engineering design practices. However, the cost of steel structure materials is much higher than that of reinforced concrete; therefore, it is very important to reduce the amounts of steel materials used. Over the past 40 years, various types of optimization methods have been widely developed; however, most engineers still only use structural analysis programs for structural analysis, design, verification, and re-analysis, re-design, and re-validation instead of optimizing structure design. Optimization methods have not been widely used. The main reason is that the past optimization methods were too complex and tedious. This study used a simple heuristic iterative method to optimize the steel structure design. It first explored the most economical design model for establishing one-dimensional member cross-section dimensions with the search method. Then the ETABS software and the heuristic iterative method were employed to explore the optimization of two-dimensional steel frame and three-dimensional steel frame. In addition, this article also explore most economical geometric configuration of steel structure buildings, including the most economic length of each spans and height of each stores, to optimize the steel building structure design, thereby greatly reducing the amount of steel materials used in building structures. The research results showed that the economical design of steel building structures can be obtained by using the heuristic iterative method.

並列關鍵字

Steel structure ； Optimal Design ； Iterative Method ； Search Method

參考文獻

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