- 學位論文
2014至2020年中國能源外交及其地緣政治影響
Chinese energy diplomacy and its geopolitical implications, 2014-2020
摘要
21世紀以來，中國為了保障自身的擴張以及工業化，正面臨著多重的挑戰，同時，繼續推動現代化進程，使自己成為世界上最重要的強國。因此，擁有豐富的能源是必須的，但目前有一半以上的能源需向國外進口，在可再生能源轉變的過程中，中國選擇了利用脫炭方式進行發電代替了石油以及天然氣的功用，在《能源發展戰略(2014-2020年)行動計畫》的能源政策中，突顯出一系列的調整，將其保證必要的能源資源，可以滿足工業化、消費模式和擴張內部的需求。而這些調整主要針對四個關鍵環節，分別是環境退化、國內能源開發、國外資源開發和進口原物料。 由於中東地區的不穩定以及傳統能源運輸路線－馬六甲海峽時常發生衝突，導致運輸之脆弱性日益增加，因此能源依賴程度大幅增加。出於此原因，本研究主要是致力於中國在能源政策上，增加許多能源開發地區，例如：位於中亞的烏茲別克、哈薩克共和國、土庫曼、緬甸、巴基斯坦和拉丁美洲。 因此本文分析了一帶一路之策略影響，包括中國在厄瓜多、委內瑞拉以及巴西的投資，透過原油方式來償還貸款的條款以及阿根廷、巴西、智利和墨西哥的可再生能源擴張作為研究內容。
並列摘要
Since 21st century, China has faced multiple challenges to guarantee its expansion and industrialization, as part of its strategy to continue with the modernization process and position itself as the most important world power. For this, abundant energy resources are necessary, which currently imports more than half of them. In its energy transition to renewable energy, it has chosen to decarbonize its power generation and instead use oil and gas. For its energy policy, this has implied a series of adjustments, in order to guarantee the energy resources necessary to meet its internal demands for industrialization, consumption and expansion. This policy is contained in the Action Plan of the energy development strategy (2014-2020). These adjustments have been oriented, mainly, to attend and address four key aspects: environmental degradation; the exploitation of internal energy resources; the exploitation of resources abroad; and imports of raw materials. This dependence on energy resources from abroad, especially from the Middle East, has become more important due to the growing vulnerability caused by instability in the Middle East and the conflict in traditional routes of energy transport due to its transit, mainly through the Strait of Malacca. For this reason and others that are discussed in this research, it is that new regions of interest have emerged for Chinese energy policy, such as Central Asia: Uzbekistan, Kajasthan and Turkmenistan, Myanmar, Pakistan and Latin America. To do this, the implications of the Going out, going global 1.0 and 2.0 strategies, as well as the Belt and Road Initiative are analyzed. Also included were Chinese investments in Ecuador, Venezuela and Brazil in exchange for crude oil provisions to repay the loans. As well as the energy expansion with renewable energies in Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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