維吉尼亞．吳爾芙《歐蘭多》中的性／別擺盪

The Oscillation Between Sex and Gender in Virginia Woolf’s Orlando

李玟宜(Wen-Yi Lee)

指導教授 ： 郭家珍

淡江大學/外國語文學院/英文學系碩士班/碩士(2021年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2021.00391

摘要

本文研究以的性/別不穩定來探討維吉尼亞．吳爾芙《歐蘭多》。在吳爾芙的書寫中，撰寫歐蘭多具有男性、女性，更或者是雄雌同體的性/別。因此，本文將進一步探討為何吳爾芙撰寫歐蘭多性/別擺盪。
第一章利用朱迪斯．巴特勒的性別展演來探討歐蘭多的性別和性別身分。吳爾芙是如何陳述出歐蘭多的男性、女性和雄雌同體行為，以及為何選擇服裝來作為決定性別的象徵。此外，吳爾芙是如何讓服裝一種語言去表達性別身分。
第二章將探討十六、十七世紀的矛盾的性別。雖然歐蘭多是男性的性別，但是吳爾芙不斷暗示歐蘭多的女性的特徵或身分。相反地，在十七世紀，歐蘭多性別轉變成女性，她卻展演出男性的行為。因此，對吳爾芙而言，性別不再是固定而是模稜兩可的情況。
第三章將探討十八至二十世紀的性別擺盪。儘管歐蘭多是一位女性的身分，卻可以用男性化的服裝去讓他人誤以為是男性。因此，吳爾芙正式揭開服裝可以使性別變成矛盾和模稜兩可的情況，意味著性別不再是二元論。
總結以上，吳爾芙利用《歐蘭多》去推翻性/別二元論。由於性別是根據人的行為去判斷男生或女生；換言之，性別不再侷限於身體的性。而是會擺盪於男女之間。

關鍵字

維吉尼亞．吳爾芙 ； 朱迪斯．巴特勒 ； 《歐蘭多》 ； 性別 ； 展演 ； 服裝

並列摘要

This thesis explores Virginia Woolf’s Orlando and demonstrates the unstable nature of one’s sex and the relevant gender identity. In Woolf’s writing, she composes Orlando’s sex and gender, including male, female, and even androgyny. Thus, this thesis will further explore why Woolf composes that Orlando performs the oscillation between sex and gender.
Chapter one will examine Orlando’s gender by having recourse to Judith Butler’s concept of gender performativity. What is more, how does Woolf compose Orlando’s male, female, androgynous acts, as well as why does she choose clothes as the symbol of gender? Besides, why does Woolf make clothes a kind of language to express gender identity?
Chapter two explores the contradiction of gender in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Orlando has male gender identity, but Woolf indicates that Orlando’s femalecharacteristics and personality. Then, in the seventeenth century, the biographer informs the reader that Orlando transforms himself from male to female, but Orlando still performs male acts beneath female identity. Thus, Woolf indicates that gender is not a fixed but ambiguous situation.
Chapter three explores the oscillation of gender from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries. Although Orlando is a female, she mocks male gender identity with masculine clothes, as the biographer observes. Thus, Woolf discloses that clothes would make gender identity contradictory and ambiguous; in other words, gender is no longer dualist and binary between male and female.
In analyzing Virginia Woolf’s Orlando, I would like to argue that Woolf overturns dualism and binary opposition between sex and gender. In other words, gender can oscillate between male and female beyond the fixed sexed body.

並列關鍵字

Virginia Woolf ； Judith Butler ； Orlando ； Gender ； Performativity ； Clothes

參考文獻

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