無人飛機模擬環境的建立

飛機設計的三個階段:飛行模擬，風洞實驗及實機飛行。因為風洞實驗與實機飛行會耗費許多資源，所以在飛行模擬階段設計的越完善，將能減少越多風洞實驗與實機飛行所耗費的資源。本文使用X-plane建構無人機的外型，X-plane可以自動計算出無人機的氣動力特性。在X-plane內我們可以調整無人機外型來獲得我們需求的性能。將來,導航控制可以加入到我們的模型中。導航控制由點追蹤和線追蹤組成。點追蹤使用航向角和目標與飛機之間的角度差進行導航;線追蹤使用目標與飛機之間的距離進行導航。結合這兩個系統,我們可以獲得所需的橫向轉率r,這將使我們能夠執行導航控制。因無人機已被製造。可以在真實飛機和模擬器上飛行取得飛行數據,以比較r和q對振幅的影響。因此,我們可以知道模擬器的結果是否接近真正的飛機。我們使用X-plane製造無人機。X-plane將自動計算空氣動力學特性。本文建立的飛行模擬器,對於設計飛機會有所幫助。

關鍵字

X-plane ；無人機；六自由度

並列摘要

The three phases of designing an aircraft is flight simulation, wind tunnel and real aircraft test fly. Since the wind tunnel and real aircraft test fly require lots of resources, the more accurate we predict the aircraft characteristics during flight simulation, the more resources we can spare for the next phases. Our approach is to use X-plane to build the shape of UAV to study the behavior of the UAV. Furthermore, we can adjust the parameters in X-plane to best fit the shape of our UAV to have the most suitable flying quality for our UAV. In the future, guidance control may be added into our model. Guidance control is composed of Point-Tracking and Line-Tracking. Point-Tracking uses heading angle and the angle difference between the target and the aircraft to navigate; Line-Tracking uses the distance between the target and the aircraft to navigate. Combining these two systems, we can obtain the required lateral turn rate r, which will allow us to navigate. Since the UAV has been made. One can test fly on real aircraft and simulator to get the influence of r and q on amplitude. So we can know if the simulator result is close to the real aircraft. We use plane-maker in X-plane to build UAV. By doing so, the X-plane will automatically calculate the aerodynamic characteristics. This project builds a flight simulator which is very useful to design new aircrafts.