客製化管狀構造及其接頭設計之建築應用

從18世紀下半葉工業革命以來至今，第四次工業革命已經大大的提昇了人類的生產力，人力也逐漸的被機械所取代。參數化設計在建築中的應用更加廣泛，而管狀構造於建築也因此有了更多的發展性，藉由今日科技與材料的進步以及客製化的發展，讓管狀構造可以發展出許多不同的形式與功能，打破過去對於建築中管狀構造的有限想像。本研究主要分為四個部分:一、透過對管狀構造及其接點之探索，嘗試以手工彎管與三維列印管狀構造接頭之組合。二、使用參數化模型Grasshopper中的插件Wasp運算管狀構造，並了解程式之可控性。三、透過實驗性長椅的設計製造，以了解管狀構造設計的可行性以及探討其製造過程。四、結合規格化及客製化的材料進行管狀構造的局部設計，並藉由1:1的設計與製造過程，發現管狀構造設計上的問題並探討其應用建築上的可能性。五、以製造過程、製造方式、與元件組裝討論管狀構造的限制及其未來性。管狀構造在建築中是不可或缺的材料與系統的一部分，本研究藉由理解管狀構造的特性、材料規格、以及相關案例，在後續的研究與設計中嘗試突破管狀構造的幾何限制並增加其功能性，最後加入客制化的元素，彌補結構上的應力與銜接的多樣性。後續研究建議在材料特性、織理性以及結構方面希望有更進一步的實驗與研究，讓管狀構造於建築中的應用更為廣泛，並且有著更多面向的發展。期盼本研究中的討論與設計，提供了關於管狀構造的基本知識以及實驗操作，將可提供後續研究者之參考。

關鍵字

管狀構造；接頭；客制化設計；參數化設計；構築

並列摘要

Since the industrial revolution in the second half of the 18th century, the fourth industrial revolution has tremendously raised human productivity, and manpower has been increasingly replaced by machinery. Parametric design has been extensively applied in architecture, and tubular structure has become more developmental in architecture. Thanks to today's advances in technology, materials and customization, many tubular structures of different forms and functions can be developed, which is beyond the past limited imagination of tubular structures in architecture. The research is chiefly divided into five parts: I. try the combination of manual bending and 3D printing of tubular structure joints through the exploration of tubular structure as well as its joints; II. calculate the tubular structure by use of the plug-in Wasp in the parametric modeling Grasshopper, and learn about the controllability of the program; III. understand the feasibility of tubular structure design and discuss its manufacturing process through the design and fabrication of experimental benches; IV. find out the problems in the design of the tubular structure and explore the possibility of its application in architecture through the combination of standardized and customized materials and the 1:1 design and manufacturing process; V. discuss the limitation of the tubular structure and its prospects concerning the manufacturing process, manufacturing method and component assembly. Tubular structure constitutes an essential part of materials and systems in architecture. By understanding the characteristics, material specifications of tubular structures as well as related cases, this research attempts to break through the geometric limitations of tubular structures and increase their functionality in the subsequent research and design, and finally adds customized elements to compensate for the structural stress and the diversity of connections. In the follow-up study, it is suggested that further experiments and studies should be launched in respect of material properties, texture and structure, in a bid to make the application of tubular structures in buildings more extensive and achieve more aspects of development. It is expected that the basic knowledge and experimental operation of tubular structures presented in the discussion and design of this research will offer a reference for follow-up studies.