參數化功能性物件之建築生成研究

數位設計工具影響了人們建築與空間設計的思維，隨著輔助建築設計的工具的日漸增加，產生了更多元的建築設計思考模式。在電腦輔助建築設計的發展下，建築設計中功能性連結能藉由數位工具幫助的而被加以詮釋。本論文主要以研究者大學時期的畢業設計作為開端，由物件尺度出發探討在數位工具輔助下，建築設計由下而上思維的可能性。功能性物件是一種既有城市生活中行為的產物，透過功能性物件的觀察可以探索不同使用者的行為模式與空間形式的對應關係。本研究由功能性物件出發，試圖藉由行為模式的理解後，討論建築設計中物件、空間、建築乃至城市的設計方法與設計流程，建立以數位工具操作不同尺度之間設計物件的連結性與系統性之設計操作。藉由對於建築史中物件之於空間與建築的關係性研究，建立以功能性物件討論建築空間設計的方法。在由下而上設計思維下，利用生成設計相關的數位工具WASP操作物件導向的建築設計。本論文之設計內容分別操作了由裡而外的傳統市場建築設計，城市大樓立面拉皮的都市再生建築設計。藉由Grasshopper的資料結構處理與Ladybug的物理環境數據分析，整合客觀與主觀的空間需求，並轉化成為數位工具中的生成模型以控制變因。最後，以Octopus插件操作建築生成模型的篩選程序，以建築立面拉皮設計為操作對象，建立最佳化立面的設計流程，發展出以物件使用需求的訴求，重新檢核之生成設計之篩選機制。經由參數化功能性物件的建築生成設計操作，探索數位工具結合資訊討論物件生成的建築設計，並嘗試以由下而上的設計方法討論其可能性。通過參數化建築生成設計，依據既有的空間組織模式討論建築空間的多樣性。更重要的是建立由使用端至設計端，再回到需求端來思考建築設計的思維。本論文以三種數位化工具建立參數化建築生成設計以討論數位化設計的可行性，由物件出發討論了建築生成設計的操作結果，期盼本研究對於功能性物件設計的操作能夠對於結合數位化建築的設計方法有所了解與啟發。

關鍵字

功能性；建築物件；由下而上；生成設計；演算法

並列摘要

Digital design tools have influenced the thinking of architecture and space design. With the increasing number of tools that assist architecture design, there are more diverse architectural thinking patterns have emerged. Then, with the development of computer-aided architectural design, the connections between architectural objects and functionality in architectural design can be interpreted with digital tools. The thesis mainly starts with the researcher's thesis design in college and discusses the possibility of bottom-up thinking in architectural design from a different scale of objects. The functional object is a product of existing human life in the city. Through the observation of functional objects in the city, the corresponding relationship between the behaviour patterns of users and the space form can be explored. Starting from functional objects, this study attempts to discuss the design methods and design processes of objects, spaces, buildings, and urban scale in architecture design through the understanding of behaviour patterns. Moreover, the research establishes the connection and systematic design process of manipulating design objects at different scales with digital tools. By studying the relationship between objects and architecture in the history of architecture, a method of discussing architecture design with functional objects is established. Under the bottom-up design thinking, the research utilizes WASP, a plug-in related to generative design in Grasshopper, to manipulate object-oriented architecture design. The design content of this paper respectively operates the traditional market architectural design from the inside-out and the urban regeneration architecture design of the urban building façade. Through data structure processing in Grasshopper and physical environment analysis in Ladybug, a plug-in related to environmental analysis, objective and subjective space requirements are integrated and transformed into generative models in digital tools to control variables. Finally, the study utilizes the Octopus, a plug-in related to the objective algorithm in Grasshopper, to operate the screening system of the building generation model and take the building façade skinning design as the operation object.And then, the study establishes the optimization of the façade design and develops the appeal based on the user requirements of the objects. At the same time, the research establishes a screening mechanism to re-examine the generation of design outcomes. The architectural generative design operated through parametric functions explores digital tools combined with data to discuss the architectural design generated by objects and try to discuss the possibilities with a bottom-up design thinking method. Through parametric architecture generative design, the diversity of architecture and space form is discussed according to the existing spatial organization model. Furthermore, the most important thing is the study establishing the thinking of architecture design from users to designers, and then back to the end of demand in architecture design. In this paper, there are three digital tools are used to establish the parametric architectural generative design to discuss the feasibility of digital design, and the operation results of architectural generative design are discussed based on objects to understand and inspire the design method of architecture.