黏滯性阻尼器於鋼建築結構之最佳化配置

Optimal Configuration of Viscous Dampers in Steel Building Structures

曾韋霖(Wei-Lin Tseng)

指導教授 ： 高金盛

淡江大學/工學院/土木工程學系碩士班/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2018.00609

摘要

本研究針對了線性黏滯性阻尼器於鋼建築結構內的最佳化配置方法進行研究。由於阻尼器的應用於國外已屬於非常常見與成熟的抗震設計方法，但於國內仍處於剛萌芽的階段，加上目前阻尼器分布方法的探討大多針對某特定地震歷時下未加設阻尼器的結構的反應表現作為分配的依據，步驟較為繁瑣，故本研究希望能以透過結構模態特性作為分配函數的依據，使得建築結構在不經過多複雜運算分析下，也能有一套良好有效的阻尼器布置方法。
本研究利用了FEMA273、FEMA274中所提到的第一模態等效阻尼比計算公式推導出阻尼器在結構物不同樓層中對於第一模態等效阻尼比的敏感度，並利用此敏感度提出了依據等效阻尼比敏感度比例分配以及等效阻尼比最大化分配法兩種分配方法，並與過往文獻中曾提出的利用結構層剪力比例、層間位移轉角比例，以及業界較常使用的平均分配法進行比較，比較此五種方法在總阻尼係數相同的情況下，對三樓單跨構架、二十層三跨構架、以及二十層X、Y向皆三跨的結構進行分配後，在樓層位移、速度、加速度、層間位移轉角、最大梁彎矩、和最大柱彎矩的折減效果。
研究結果顯示，本研究新提出的兩種分配方法同樣能在不同地震力作用下都有良好折減效果，其中將等效阻尼比最大化的方案對於樓層位移、層間位移、最大梁彎矩的折減效果最好，最大柱彎矩、速度、以及加速度的折減效果則是以層間力比例分配效果較好。而本文的貢獻主要在於能夠將以往使用特定地震力進行比例分配的複雜過程，轉使用模態分析的結果作為分配依據，可以減少分析時間，卻能達成相近或更好的折減效果。

關鍵字

黏滯性阻尼器 ； 鋼結構 ； 最佳化

並列摘要

This study is aims to discuss the optimization of linear viscous dampers in steel building structures. Because the damper is applied to foreign countries, it is a very common and mature seismic design method, but it is still in the nascent stage in Taiwan. In addition, the discussion of the current damper configuration method is mostly based on the structural response of the structure without a damper in a specific seismic duration. Therefore, this study hopes to establish a distribution function based on structural modal characteristics, which makes the building structure have a good and effective damper configuration method without complicated computational analysis.
This study uses the formula to calculate the first mode equivalent damping ratio mentioned in FEMA 273 and FEMA 274, and derive the sensitivity of the damper to the first modal equivalent damping ratio in different floors of the structure. By using this sensitivity, two configuration methods are proposed-- configuration method due to the ratio of the equivalent damping ratio and equivalent damping ratio maximization configuration method. Compared with the configuration method due to story shear ratio, the configuration method due to the ratio of inter-story drift ratio mentioned by previous studies, and the average configuration method commonly used in the industry. Comparing the effects of these five methods on structural internal forces and structural responses, and then find out which ones are more economical to use under different considerations.
The research results shows that the two new methods proposed in this study can also have good reduction effects under different seismic forces. Among them, the equivalent damping ratio maximization configuration method has the best effect on the story displacement, the inter-story drift ratio, and the maximum beam bending moment. The reduction effect of the maximum column bending moment, story velocity, and story acceleration are better by using configuration method due to story shear ratio. The main contribution of this paper is to take advantage of the results of modal analysis as a reference for configuration, which used to be a complex processes that the proportional configuration of specific seismic forces was used, which requires less time on analyzing, but achieve similar or better reduction effects.

並列關鍵字

Viscous damper ； Steel building structure ； Optimization

參考文獻

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