中國大陸第三方物流產業發展之研究

早期的中國大陸，交通基礎建設並不完善，限制了物流產業的發展，中國大陸加入WTO後，市場經濟得到全面的開放，物流市場的規模逐漸龐大，許多外資物流企業紛紛進入中國大陸的市場，這對中國大陸國內的物流企業造成競爭壓力，而中國大陸國內的大部分的物流企業都存有“大而全，小而全”的模式，因此造成物流發展的緩慢以及信息技術沒有國外先進，造成第三方物流產業擁有巨大的發展空間。近年來，中國大陸政府積極的推動交通運輸基礎建設，這也讓物流發展得到了完善的基礎。中國大陸國內第三方物流產業的使用率不及於國外，主要原因是大部分的第三方物流企業都是由傳統物流轉型而成，大部分的中小企業都保有舊的物流觀念以及不擅於使用外包物流。在“一帶一路”的倡議下，第三方物流服務將有力整合一帶一路，而大部分的大型企業可以藉由“一帶一路”的倡議下，與大型的國外物流企業合作，加強在國際間的競爭能力。而在中國大陸醫藥物流市場領域方面，“兩票制”的政策為第三方物流創造了良好的市場條件，第三方物流服務將有利於整合醫藥物流領域。再者，隨著全球智慧物流迅速的發展下，許多大型的物流企業也紛紛投資智慧物流領域，在這樣的契機下，配合中國大陸政府頒布了一些列的物流政策，使到第三方物流在會在智慧化的環境下，物流環境將會得到根本性的改變。

關鍵字

物流；第三方物流；一帶一路；醫藥物流；智慧物流

並列摘要

In the early age transportation infrastructure in mainland China was not perfect which limited the development of logistics industry. After joining the WTO, the market economy of China has been fully opened, the scale of the logistics market became gradually huge, many foreign logistics enterprises have entered the market in mainland China, which has created competitive pressure on China's domestic logistics enterprises. Most of China's logistics enterprises have a " large and inclusive, small and comprehensive " model, which result in the slow development of logistics and information technology is not as advanced as abroad, giving the third-party logistics industry a huge gap for development. In recent years, the Chinese government has actively promoted the basic construction of transportation, which provide a perfect foundation for the development of logistics field. China's domestic third-party logistics industry utilization rate is lesser than abroad, the main reason is that most of the third-party logistics enterprises are transformed from traditional logistics model, the majority of small and medium-sized enterprises retain the old logistics concept which was not good at utilizing outsourced logistics. Under the initiative of " Belt and Road Initiative ", the third party logistics service will effectively integrate the " Belt and Road Initiative ", and most larger enterprises can cooperate with large foreign logistics enterprises under the initiative of "Belt and Road Initiative" , strengthening the ability to compete internationally. In the field of China's pharmaceutical logistics market, the " Two Invoices System " policy for the third party logistics had created a good market conditions so third-party logistics services will be conducive to the integration of pharmaceutical logistics field. Furthermore, with the rapid development of global intelligent logistics, many larger logistics enterprises have also invested in the field of intellectualization logistics, in such an opportunity, with the mainland government promulgated a number of listed logistics policies, so that the third party logistics will be fundamentally changed in the intellectualization environment.