輕型運動載具市場趨勢與適墜性分析

The market trends and crashworthiness analysis of light-sport aircraft

吳玟真(Wen-Chen Wu)

指導教授 ： 陳步偉

淡江大學/工學院/航空太空工程學系碩士班/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2009.00797

摘要

輕型運動載具產業是結合科技與航空運動休閒為一體的產業，目前以歐美國家為主體在全世界盛行，近年來我國政府也開始重視其發展。由於燃油價格上漲與全球金融風暴，製造商為了壓低成本逐漸將工廠轉移亞洲，使我國有高度機會成為亞洲的製造中心。
為了使這潛在市場順利成長，完善的相關法規是超輕航載具發展的關鍵，我國雖已通過立法並建立相關的管理辦法，但對於詳細分類卻不如FAA有完善的規則。近年來適墜性的觀念逐漸融入結構方面的設計與法規的制定，並開始執行分析實驗與數值模擬。
本研究主要觀察輕型運動載具全球市場趨勢和發展，延伸出我國的需求，再蒐集國內較常見的20種機型並比較性能與價格；接著討論FAR、JAR、LAMAC、CAO及我國民航法對輕型運動載具法規制定，將差異性提出做為動態模擬邊界條件；最後使用有限元素法建立動態適墜模擬平台，簡化由高處受重力落下的實體元素機身為低處受向下初速度的薄殼元素的情況，將各國法規制定加入適墜性設計概念，討論不考慮空氣阻力及考慮空氣阻力時墜落情形及機身變形量。完成從市場、法規及技術三方面初步整合輕型運動產業，提供後續相關研究或法規訂定者做為初步的參考。

關鍵字

輕型運動載具 ； 超輕航機 ； 有限元素法 ； 適墜性

並列摘要

The light-sport aircraft is the one which combined technology and recreational-sport aviation industry, prevails over the world and mainly in Europe and the United States. In recent years, the authority starts to pay more attention to the correspondingly development and rule making. Owing to the global economy crisis and fuel prices inflation, manufacturers transfer their factories into Asia. Which means there is a possibly for Taiwan becomes manufacturers center in Asia due to low manufacture cost.
A complete rule making is the key point for the potential growth of LSA market. As broadly region of LSA, the establishment of related management systems has been done by our government, but the detail classifications with LSA still hasn’t issue. Recently, both of the structure designing and regulation making have included crashworthiness concept which have performed field drop test and computer simulation.
Due to the global market trends and development to extend our demand, one goal of this work that is comparing current market prices and overall functions with 20 popular kinds LSA in Taiwan. In addition, study the difference of other countries’ regulations which can be the important references of corresponding standards establishments for Taiwan’s civil aeronautics regulations. This thesis is aim to provide initial study to related industry and researcher of developing and analyzing light-sport aircraft from the concept of market, regulation and technology. This thesis has also established dynamic drop test base on the Finite Element Method, which is to observe the fuselage stress and strain within drag and without drag course when the aircraft had crash.

並列關鍵字

light-sport aircraft ； ultralight ； crashworthiness ； Finite Element

參考文獻

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